Refuting the Belief that the Parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) Possessed Disbelief
By Shaykh Faheem
of the
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
All Praise belongs to Allah Ta Aala, Peace and choicest salutations upon the Beloved Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). It has become the custom and tradition for certain minorities to instigate some sort of annual controversy against the esteemed personality of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) in the month of Rabi-ul-Awwal, the latest of which has come via the social media of Facebook by unqualified internet researchers who have been striving to prove that the parents of Rsoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were disbelievers. This brief article presented by the Islamic Lifestyle Solutions is a refutation against those who insist on a one-sided view of proving the disbelief of the Beloved parents of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) as the only view.
Tracing the roots of this misconception…
The simplest method, by which many Muslims of the modern era fall prey to this crooked thinking, is by the solitary application of the aql (intellect). People who have not studied the Seerah (Prophetic Biography) begin to evaluate scenarios solely on rationale! One such scenario is as follows:
“The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) announced his prophethood at the age of 40. His father passed away before his birth. His mother passed away when he was 6 years of age. Hence, his parents were disbelievers.” This is based solely on the rational faculty.
Then there are those whose belief is based on certain narratives which ostensibly imply the very belief they align themselves to. We will present the narrations or viewpoints which the people who possess such a wayward and isolated ideology utilize to prove the disbelief of the Beloved parents of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), followed by a refutation of such wayward thinking.
The overwhelming majority of the classical scholars of Islam have strived to maintain the Imaan of the parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) such as:
~ Imaam Jalaaluddin As-Suyuti (rahimahollah) wrote seven treatises on this subject alone proving in each one that the parents of the Prophet were believers. “Massalikul Hunafa” being the most renowned.
~ Imaam Fakhruddin Raazi (rahimahollah) in Asraarut Tanzeel
~ Allaamah Aaloosi (rahimahollah) in Tafseer Roohul Ma’aani
~ Allaamah Ismail Haqqi (rahimahollah) in Tafseer Roohul Bayaan
All of the above erudite scholars have favored the opinion that the parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were indeed believers.
However, the basis of the minority objection is located in the following hadith:
Hadhrath Anas (radhiyallahu anhu) reported: “Verily a person said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, where is my father? He replied, ‘He (Your father) is in the fire’. When he (the man turned away), he (the prophet) called him and said, “Verily my father and your father are in the fire”.[1]
The Arabic word used here to describe a father is ‘Ab’. The Ulama of Hadith have mentioned that the usage of the word ‘Ab’ in the Qur’an has not always been in utilized in the context of a father, but sometimes to describe an uncle. On that basis, the word ‘Ab’ here was an indication to the prophet’s uncle Abu Lahab.
Some of the giants of Islam have written treatises on this subject in favor of the validity of the Imaan of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) parents. Herein lays the view of the Scholars of the Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jama’ah.
Proof 1: The Hadith in Sahih Muslim which cites the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) saying that his father is in the fire does not give us the right to say such things. The Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) of Allah Ta Aala himself taught this to us:
“Hadhrath Amr (radhiyallahu anhu) mentions that when Ikramah bin Abu Jahl (radhiyallahu anhu) arrived in Madinah, the people congregated and were saying, “Look! He is Abu Jahl’s son! The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) then said, ‘Do not speak ill of the dead and (in the process of doing so) cause harm to the living.”[2]
By mentioning Abu Jahl in the presence of his son who was now a Muslim, they were hurting Hadhrath Ikramah (radhiyallahu anhu) who was now a Muslim. Taking this into consideration (that the mention of a parent in a negative light in the presence of a son would cause harm to the son) we should be absolutely cautious when addressing these issues, lest we become amongst those who have caused harm to the Prophet(sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and ipso facto earn the warth of Allah Ta Aala.
Proof 2: Hadhrath Anas (radhiyallahu anhu) reports that Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Whenever people were divided into two groups, Allah placed me in the superior one until I was born from my parents. No action of the period of ignorance was ever joined to me. I have been born from the nikaah of my parents. I have also been transferred from the most purified, from Hadhrath Aadam u until my parents. Thus I am the most excellent amongst you and the most superior to any of you with regards to genealogy.”[3]
Proof 3: Sayyidah Ayeshah (radhiyallahu anha) mentions that the Messenger e of Allah Ta Aala was at a place known as Hajoon and he was very sad. He remained here for as long as His Lord wished him to remain. The Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) returned from there very happily. I inquired as to why he was so sad initially and so jolly now. He responded: “I requested my Lord, and He brought my mother back to life. She brought imaan in me and Allah caused her to die once more.” [4]
Upon presentation of the aforementioned narration, those who believe that the parents of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were indeed disbelievers immediately respond by saying that his narration has been mentioned by some scholars as being weak and fabricated. This is because the scholars quote another hadith which is in direct conflict with the above narration. That supposed contradictory narrative is as follows:
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) stated: “I asked permission from my Lord that I may ask forgiveness for my mother. Allah did not grant permission.” [5]
Solution: Imaam Qurtubi (rahimahollah) explains however that the two narrations are not conflicting. He elucidates that the incident whereby the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was not granted permission to seek forgiveness for his mother occurred first, whilst the incident of his parents being brought back to life occurred at a later stage. The incident of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) parents being brought back to life occurred around the farewell hajj. Others have said that the narration concerning the parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) being brought back to life are Maudhoo’ (fabrication) on the basis that those who die without Imaan will not be forgiven and even those who see the angel of death and bring Imaan will not be forgiven. This however is not the basis to deem the narration as fabrication since the Qur’an mentions in Surah Baqarah the story of the man who was killed. Allah ta aala brought him back to life. He identified his killer and was then returned to his state of death. The Qur’an also teaches that Nabi Isa u was given the power to bring the dead back to life. Since the superiority of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is prevalent throughout his blessed life in the form of many miracles, this miracle of the Prophet e is both logically as well as being in accordance to shariah, highly possible.[6]
Proof 4: Imaam Fakhruddin Raazi (rahimahollah) states with absolute clarity his viewpoint, that the parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were not disbelievers:
Commentating on the verses 218-219 of Surah Shu’ara, he commenced by explaining the different interpretations of the verse. Imaam Fakhruddin Raazi (rahimahollah) then went on to explain the Imaan of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) parents. The essence of his analysis is as follows:
This verse tells us that all the ancestors of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were Muslims. It also tells us that the father of Nabi Ebrahim u was not an idolater. Nabi Muhammad’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ancestors were not polytheists as he himself said that he was passed on from pure spine to pure womb since Allah Ta Aala has stated in the Qur’an, “Indeed, the Polytheists are altogether impure”[7]. In other words, they are not pure. This leads to the conclusion that the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ancestors were not polytheists. [8]
Proof 5: Sayyidona Ali bin Abi Taalib (radhiyallahu anhu) mentioned that there has always been a minimum of seven or more believers on the face of the earth. [9]
Proof 6: Hadhrath Anas (radhiyallahu anhu) has narrated that when there is no person on the face of the earth to remember Allah, then qiyaamah will occur.[10]
It is well known by the scholars of seerah that Zayd bin Amr bin Nufayl who lived during the life of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), but passed away before the proclamation of prophethood, was a follower of the true deen of Nabi Ebrahim (alahis salaam) . Similarly, is it so far-fetched to believe that the parents of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were not on the religion of Abraham u whilst there were others in Makkah at the time who were following that religion? If Zayd bin Amr Bin Nufayl was on that true religion prior to the proclamation of Prophethood, then it is indeed highly plausible from an Aqli (intellectual) standpoint for the parents of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) to be on that true religion too!
Proof 7: It has been narrated that the during the illness of Sayyidah Aaminah (radhiyallahu anha) which led to her demise, she directed some poetry at Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) . This couplet is undoubtedly indicative of her acknowledgement of true Abrahamic faith as cited in proof 6.
فَانت مبعوث الي الانام ، من عند ذي الجلال والاِكرام ، دين ابيك ابراهام ، فالله انهاك عن الاصنام ،
“To creation have you been sent, from the Honorable Lord. Upon the religion of your father Abraham, your Lord has forbade you from the worship of idols.”[11]
This may just as well be - by my insignificant calculation- the earliest record of the Naath (praise) of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). I stand corrected if not.
Proof 8: Qadhi Abu Bakr bin Al-Arabi (rahimahollah) was once asked regarding such a person who says that the parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) are in the fire of hell. He responded by saying that such a person is accursed in this world and the next as Allah Ta Aala has mentioned in the Qur’an:
“Indeed those who malign Allah and his Messenger, Allah has cursed them in this world and the hereafter and has prepared for them a humiliating torment.”[12]
Such is the wrath of Allah Ta Aala in this verse that He curses those who cause harm to the Beloved Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) in this world and the next. Allah Ta Aala further goes on to state that he will prepare a severe punishment for them as well.
Conclusion: No true Muslim in his correct senses would utter such insults against the Messenger e of Allah by addressing his parents as disbelievers. We also learn that it is very dangerous to take a hadith in isolation and base an opinion on that narration without checking the archives of Ahaadeeth in htat particular subject for alternate viewpoints. We have proven that some of the most honored scholars who are regarded as authorities in Hadith have clarified this issue in favor of the Imaan of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) parents. We pray to Allah Ta Aala that we may never be accursed for spreading slander in the direction of the Beloved Prophet
[1] Sahih Muslim
[2] Taareekh e Dimashq Allaamah ibn Asaakir
[3] Imaam Bayhaqi in Dalaailon Nobowwah
[4] An-Naasikh Wal-Mansookh, Hadith 630, Imaam Qurtubi mentioned a similar narration with more detail.
[5] Sahih Muslim
[6] At-Tazhkirah by Imaam Qurtubi
[7] Surah Taubah, 9:28
[8] Asraarut Tanzeel, by Imaam Fakhruddi Raazi
[9] Musannaf Imaam Abdur Razzaaq. A similar view has been mentioned by Imaam Ahmed bin Hambal on the authority of Hadhrath Abullah ibn Abbas t
[10] Sahih Muslim, Tirmizhi
[11] Haafizh Abu Nuaim in Dalaa’ilon Nobowwah narrated from the mother of Umme Salamah bin Rahm
[12] Surah Ahzaab, 33:57
Tracing the roots of this misconception…
The simplest method, by which many Muslims of the modern era fall prey to this crooked thinking, is by the solitary application of the aql (intellect). People who have not studied the Seerah (Prophetic Biography) begin to evaluate scenarios solely on rationale! One such scenario is as follows:
“The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) announced his prophethood at the age of 40. His father passed away before his birth. His mother passed away when he was 6 years of age. Hence, his parents were disbelievers.” This is based solely on the rational faculty.
Then there are those whose belief is based on certain narratives which ostensibly imply the very belief they align themselves to. We will present the narrations or viewpoints which the people who possess such a wayward and isolated ideology utilize to prove the disbelief of the Beloved parents of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), followed by a refutation of such wayward thinking.
The overwhelming majority of the classical scholars of Islam have strived to maintain the Imaan of the parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) such as:
~ Imaam Jalaaluddin As-Suyuti (rahimahollah) wrote seven treatises on this subject alone proving in each one that the parents of the Prophet were believers. “Massalikul Hunafa” being the most renowned.
~ Imaam Fakhruddin Raazi (rahimahollah) in Asraarut Tanzeel
~ Allaamah Aaloosi (rahimahollah) in Tafseer Roohul Ma’aani
~ Allaamah Ismail Haqqi (rahimahollah) in Tafseer Roohul Bayaan
All of the above erudite scholars have favored the opinion that the parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were indeed believers.
However, the basis of the minority objection is located in the following hadith:
Hadhrath Anas (radhiyallahu anhu) reported: “Verily a person said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, where is my father? He replied, ‘He (Your father) is in the fire’. When he (the man turned away), he (the prophet) called him and said, “Verily my father and your father are in the fire”.[1]
The Arabic word used here to describe a father is ‘Ab’. The Ulama of Hadith have mentioned that the usage of the word ‘Ab’ in the Qur’an has not always been in utilized in the context of a father, but sometimes to describe an uncle. On that basis, the word ‘Ab’ here was an indication to the prophet’s uncle Abu Lahab.
Some of the giants of Islam have written treatises on this subject in favor of the validity of the Imaan of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) parents. Herein lays the view of the Scholars of the Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jama’ah.
Proof 1: The Hadith in Sahih Muslim which cites the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) saying that his father is in the fire does not give us the right to say such things. The Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) of Allah Ta Aala himself taught this to us:
“Hadhrath Amr (radhiyallahu anhu) mentions that when Ikramah bin Abu Jahl (radhiyallahu anhu) arrived in Madinah, the people congregated and were saying, “Look! He is Abu Jahl’s son! The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) then said, ‘Do not speak ill of the dead and (in the process of doing so) cause harm to the living.”[2]
By mentioning Abu Jahl in the presence of his son who was now a Muslim, they were hurting Hadhrath Ikramah (radhiyallahu anhu) who was now a Muslim. Taking this into consideration (that the mention of a parent in a negative light in the presence of a son would cause harm to the son) we should be absolutely cautious when addressing these issues, lest we become amongst those who have caused harm to the Prophet(sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and ipso facto earn the warth of Allah Ta Aala.
Proof 2: Hadhrath Anas (radhiyallahu anhu) reports that Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Whenever people were divided into two groups, Allah placed me in the superior one until I was born from my parents. No action of the period of ignorance was ever joined to me. I have been born from the nikaah of my parents. I have also been transferred from the most purified, from Hadhrath Aadam u until my parents. Thus I am the most excellent amongst you and the most superior to any of you with regards to genealogy.”[3]
Proof 3: Sayyidah Ayeshah (radhiyallahu anha) mentions that the Messenger e of Allah Ta Aala was at a place known as Hajoon and he was very sad. He remained here for as long as His Lord wished him to remain. The Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) returned from there very happily. I inquired as to why he was so sad initially and so jolly now. He responded: “I requested my Lord, and He brought my mother back to life. She brought imaan in me and Allah caused her to die once more.” [4]
Upon presentation of the aforementioned narration, those who believe that the parents of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were indeed disbelievers immediately respond by saying that his narration has been mentioned by some scholars as being weak and fabricated. This is because the scholars quote another hadith which is in direct conflict with the above narration. That supposed contradictory narrative is as follows:
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) stated: “I asked permission from my Lord that I may ask forgiveness for my mother. Allah did not grant permission.” [5]
Solution: Imaam Qurtubi (rahimahollah) explains however that the two narrations are not conflicting. He elucidates that the incident whereby the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was not granted permission to seek forgiveness for his mother occurred first, whilst the incident of his parents being brought back to life occurred at a later stage. The incident of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) parents being brought back to life occurred around the farewell hajj. Others have said that the narration concerning the parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) being brought back to life are Maudhoo’ (fabrication) on the basis that those who die without Imaan will not be forgiven and even those who see the angel of death and bring Imaan will not be forgiven. This however is not the basis to deem the narration as fabrication since the Qur’an mentions in Surah Baqarah the story of the man who was killed. Allah ta aala brought him back to life. He identified his killer and was then returned to his state of death. The Qur’an also teaches that Nabi Isa u was given the power to bring the dead back to life. Since the superiority of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is prevalent throughout his blessed life in the form of many miracles, this miracle of the Prophet e is both logically as well as being in accordance to shariah, highly possible.[6]
Proof 4: Imaam Fakhruddin Raazi (rahimahollah) states with absolute clarity his viewpoint, that the parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were not disbelievers:
Commentating on the verses 218-219 of Surah Shu’ara, he commenced by explaining the different interpretations of the verse. Imaam Fakhruddin Raazi (rahimahollah) then went on to explain the Imaan of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) parents. The essence of his analysis is as follows:
This verse tells us that all the ancestors of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were Muslims. It also tells us that the father of Nabi Ebrahim u was not an idolater. Nabi Muhammad’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ancestors were not polytheists as he himself said that he was passed on from pure spine to pure womb since Allah Ta Aala has stated in the Qur’an, “Indeed, the Polytheists are altogether impure”[7]. In other words, they are not pure. This leads to the conclusion that the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ancestors were not polytheists. [8]
Proof 5: Sayyidona Ali bin Abi Taalib (radhiyallahu anhu) mentioned that there has always been a minimum of seven or more believers on the face of the earth. [9]
Proof 6: Hadhrath Anas (radhiyallahu anhu) has narrated that when there is no person on the face of the earth to remember Allah, then qiyaamah will occur.[10]
It is well known by the scholars of seerah that Zayd bin Amr bin Nufayl who lived during the life of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), but passed away before the proclamation of prophethood, was a follower of the true deen of Nabi Ebrahim (alahis salaam) . Similarly, is it so far-fetched to believe that the parents of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were not on the religion of Abraham u whilst there were others in Makkah at the time who were following that religion? If Zayd bin Amr Bin Nufayl was on that true religion prior to the proclamation of Prophethood, then it is indeed highly plausible from an Aqli (intellectual) standpoint for the parents of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) to be on that true religion too!
Proof 7: It has been narrated that the during the illness of Sayyidah Aaminah (radhiyallahu anha) which led to her demise, she directed some poetry at Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) . This couplet is undoubtedly indicative of her acknowledgement of true Abrahamic faith as cited in proof 6.
فَانت مبعوث الي الانام ، من عند ذي الجلال والاِكرام ، دين ابيك ابراهام ، فالله انهاك عن الاصنام ،
“To creation have you been sent, from the Honorable Lord. Upon the religion of your father Abraham, your Lord has forbade you from the worship of idols.”[11]
This may just as well be - by my insignificant calculation- the earliest record of the Naath (praise) of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). I stand corrected if not.
Proof 8: Qadhi Abu Bakr bin Al-Arabi (rahimahollah) was once asked regarding such a person who says that the parents of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) are in the fire of hell. He responded by saying that such a person is accursed in this world and the next as Allah Ta Aala has mentioned in the Qur’an:
“Indeed those who malign Allah and his Messenger, Allah has cursed them in this world and the hereafter and has prepared for them a humiliating torment.”[12]
Such is the wrath of Allah Ta Aala in this verse that He curses those who cause harm to the Beloved Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) in this world and the next. Allah Ta Aala further goes on to state that he will prepare a severe punishment for them as well.
Conclusion: No true Muslim in his correct senses would utter such insults against the Messenger e of Allah by addressing his parents as disbelievers. We also learn that it is very dangerous to take a hadith in isolation and base an opinion on that narration without checking the archives of Ahaadeeth in htat particular subject for alternate viewpoints. We have proven that some of the most honored scholars who are regarded as authorities in Hadith have clarified this issue in favor of the Imaan of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) parents. We pray to Allah Ta Aala that we may never be accursed for spreading slander in the direction of the Beloved Prophet
[1] Sahih Muslim
[2] Taareekh e Dimashq Allaamah ibn Asaakir
[3] Imaam Bayhaqi in Dalaailon Nobowwah
[4] An-Naasikh Wal-Mansookh, Hadith 630, Imaam Qurtubi mentioned a similar narration with more detail.
[5] Sahih Muslim
[6] At-Tazhkirah by Imaam Qurtubi
[7] Surah Taubah, 9:28
[8] Asraarut Tanzeel, by Imaam Fakhruddi Raazi
[9] Musannaf Imaam Abdur Razzaaq. A similar view has been mentioned by Imaam Ahmed bin Hambal on the authority of Hadhrath Abullah ibn Abbas t
[10] Sahih Muslim, Tirmizhi
[11] Haafizh Abu Nuaim in Dalaa’ilon Nobowwah narrated from the mother of Umme Salamah bin Rahm
[12] Surah Ahzaab, 33:57
Taraaweeh: 20 Rakaats or 8??? Clarified!
Whilst Muslims across the globe eagerly anticipate the imminent arrival of the exalted month of Ramadhaan in order that they may enjoy a spiritually motivating journey in the quest to gain the pleasure of Allah Ta Aala , there are those who prepare to set course for an altogether different route. A route which will spark the flames of controversy within the Muslim ranks.
South African Muslims are by no means strangers to controversy in this blessed month. This is due to the fact that only in the month of Ramadhaan, do we begin to realize just how many Muslims there are out there. For eleven months they remain like bears in hibernation, and suddenly adopt a 'Ramadhaan Beard', 'Ramadhaan Dress code’, 'Ramadhaan Code of conduct', etc. These are the ever elusive 'Ramadhaan Muslims'. Only in Ramadhaan do we become conscious of 'Halaal' & 'Haraam'. Hence the circulation of the 'haraam' debacle
This is the opportune moment for those who are hell-bent on causing chaos in the Ummah! It is for this reason that we find a number of controversial issues surface mainly in the month of Ramadhaan.
This essay will (insha Allah) aim to shed light on a controversy which has wreaked havoc for Muslims in most of the Arab world, and the west as well. It is undoubtedly a controversy which has unsuspectingly crept into South Africa by covert means, and is destroying the very ambience of the month Ramadhaan. I refer to the matter pertaining to the 'Night Prayer' of Ramadhaan, Salaatut Taraaweeh!
So? What is the controversy?
For approximately 1420yrs, Mulsims have been praying their Taraaweeh Salaah with congregation in 20 Rakaats with utmost certainty. Until now...a group of misguided Muslims who have, either a very shallow understanding of hadith, or are intentionally providing calculated misinformation to the Muslims by claiming that the Taraaweeh prayer is only 8 Rakaats.
The Taraaweeh prayer in the current format of 20 Rakaats has always been the Ijmaa’ (consensus) of the Ulama for centuries.
Prior to any form of rebuttal (which will come in the form of a series of objective questions), we must ensure that all readers are fully aware of the concept of Taraweeh as it has been practiced from the era of the righteously guided companions (radhiyallahu anhum ajma'een), till today.
If we are to conduct a word search for the word 'Taraweeh' from the blessed lips of Nabi Muhammad (peace be upon him) in the books of Hadith, we will unfortunately come up very short. The current institution of Taraaweeh was originally known as 'Qiyaamul Layl' (to stand in prayer at night).
Where did the word Taraaweeh originate from?
The word 'taraaweeh' is the plural form derived from the word 'tarweehah', which literally translates as a 'break, interval, pause' etc. Since the Taraaweeh prayer consisted of 'breaks' or short 'Tarweehah' in-between Rakaats, it came to be known as Salaatut Taraaweeh. The Taraaweeh salaah is Sunnat-e-Muakkadah and this is the consensus of the Jurists in Islam.
Did the Prophet (peace be upon him) read the Taraaweeh in congregation?
Narrated by 'Urwa: That he was informed by 'Aisha, "Allah's Apostle went out in the middle of the night and prayed in the mosque and some men prayed behind him. In the morning, the people spoke about it and then a large number of them gathered and prayed behind him (on the second night). In the next morning the people again talked about it and on the third night the mosque was full with a large number of people. Allah's Apostle came out and the people prayed behind him. On the fourth night the Mosque was overwhelmed with people and could not accommodate them, but the Prophet came out (only) for the Morning Prayer. When the morning prayer was finished he recited Tashah-hud and (addressing the people) said, "Amma ba'du, your presence was not hidden from me but I was afraid lest the night prayer (Qiyam) should be enjoined on you and you might not be able to carry it on." So, Allah's Apostle died and the situation remained like that (i.e. people prayed individually). "
(Sahih Bukhari, Chapter on the Night Prayer in Ramadhaan)
The above hadith incontrovertibly explains that the Beloved Prophet (peace be upon him) did lead the companions in the night prayer in the month of Ramadhaan.
How many Rakaats did the Prophet ﷺ(sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) read?
There are numerous ahaadeeth which explain various opinions in relation to the number of rakaats read in the night prayer of the Prophet ﷺ (peace be upon him) There are two conflicting viewpoints which have now taken center stage:
1. Taraaweeh is 20 Rakaats as this has been the teaching for approximately 1420 years.
2. Taraaweeh was read as 8 Rakaats. This means that 20 Rakaats is a bid'ah.
Since the latter view is a more recent one, we will commence by analyzing its origin so that the reader may be able to fully grasp the subject.
View One: Taraaweeh as 8 Rakaats - True? or Falsified?
Those who aggressively market this opinion have forwarded two proofs from the books of hadith.
Proof 1 : The first proof (recorded in the Musnad Abu Ya'la & Tabraani) explains that the Prophet ﷺ (peace be upon him) recited in the month of Ramadhaan 11 rakaats (8 + 3 witr) at night.
Rebuttal : When we analyze the sanad (chain) of the above proof, we conclude that one of the narrators in this chain is Isa bin Jaariyah. The scholars who were masters in the subject of Rijaal such as Yahya bin Maeen have classified him as a weak narrator. Great muhaddithoon such as Imaam Nasai (Rahimahollah) have classified him as Matrook. Meaning that if they found him in the chain, they would abandon that narrative. On this basis, the above narration is weak.
Proof 2 : Taraaweeh is 8 Rakaats as this is evident in the most authentic book of hadith, Sahih Bukhari:
Narrated by Abu Salma bin 'Abdur Rahman: I asked 'Aisha, "How is the prayer of Allah's Prophet during the month of Ramadan." She said, "Allah's Prophet never exceeded eleven Rakat in Ramadan or in other months; he used to offer four Rakat-- do not ask me about their beauty and length, then four Rakat, do not ask me about their beauty and length, and then three Rakat." Aisha further said, "I said, 'O Allah's Prophet! Do you sleep before offering the Witr prayer?' He replied, 'O 'Aisha! My eyes sleep but my heart remains awake'!" (Sahih Bukhari)
Since those who quote the above hadith, do so with a bit of a swagger, we must insist on presenting a preliminary observation which unveils the shallow minded viewpoint for what it is...calculated misinformation!
Preliminary observation.
At least a century ago, a student of hadith could not take the narration he learned into the public domain, until he was educated on the various commands, the socio-historic background, wisdom, etc. regarding that particular narration. Fast forward to the modern age, and even a child has access to the Prophetic traditions at the click of a button. Whilst there is nothing wrong in providing access to the books of ahaadeeth, the detrimental effects of taking a hadith and practicing upon them without a solid grounding, will result in the exact same dilemma as we face now (the view of Taraaweeh being 8 rakaats).
We also see an increase in the number of people who walk around with their 'translated' copies of Sahih Bukhari due to their lack of understanding the Arabic language. This causes a huge portion of the hadith, its socio-historic background, and command in the shariah to become literally ‘Lost in Translation'. Furthermore, we find the view regarding 8 rakaats to be spreading among the youth like a house on fire. This is because; the perpetrators responsible for the arousal of this controversy know that the youth of the modern age are always looking for upgrades. They are constantly upgrading their vehicles, mobiles, and latest gadgetry. Now, all of a sudden, when it comes to their religion, they want to downgrade? They are conditioned to take the 'easy path' of 8 rakaats, in the face of a mountainous journey of 20 rakaats. Being youth, they choose that which is easy, whilst still allowing them to feel some sort of 'religious fulfillment' in reciting 8 rakaats, and also giving them the 'free time' to pursue idle causes. We do know very well that an idle mind is the devils’ playground.
Rebuttal 2: When the above proof is presented to the layman, he is immediately faced with the following questions.
1. If Sahih Bukhari explains that the Taraaweeh of the Prophet ﷺ (peace be upon him) was 8 Rakaats, then why am I reading 20?
2. Why have our Ulama not told us this?
3. Have they intentionally hidden this information from us?
This is exactly the sort of designed responses that the people of mischief have planned.
The answer to this seemingly brilliant proof is actually quite a simple one. It lies within the words of Sayyidah Ayeshah (radhiyallahu anha). She stated:
'Allah's Prophet never exceeded eleven Rakat in Ramadan or in other months'
To the unsuspecting-shallow-minded-Muslim, the above statement is used to prove that the Prophet ﷺ (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) read 8 rakaats plus 3 witr. To the Islamically educated Muslim, the above statement is pivotal in disproving their stance. The fact that the Prophet ﷺ (peace be upon him) is described to have recited these 8 rakaats IN & OUT of Ramadhaan sparks us to inquire the following:
Does this mean that the Prophet ﷺ(peace be upon him) read 'Taraaweeh' even out of Ramadhaan? If so, why are we only reciting it in Ramadhaan? Remember, we clearly explained that the original word was not Taraaweeh, but 'Qiyaamul Layal' (to stand in prayer at night). So? Is there any such prayer which the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)ﷺ recited at night, both in and out of Ramadhaan? Yes! It is known as Tahajjud.
It is by no means a coincidence that above 'so-called' proof for 8 Rakaats Taraaweeh, is in fact NOT ABOUT TARAAWEEH AT ALL! It is about Salaatut Tahajjud.
Further proof which strengthens this stance is the undeniable fact that Imaam Bukhari (rahimahollah) himself placed the above quoted hadith in the chapter on Tahajjud.
We would further like to inquire from these people who make such claims to answer the following questions for us:
'If you are so adamant that this hadith is proof of 8 rakaats Taraaweeh, and not Tahajjud, are you also reciting these 8 rakaats in the other 11 months like the Prophet ﷺ(? If not, then why are you only practicing upon the numerical aspect only? Is this not in a way, a form of misguidance by your own standard?
Furthermore, Imaam Bukhari (rahimahollah) was a muqallid (adherer) to the Muzh-hub of Imaam Shaafa'e (rahimahollah). In the Shaafa'ee Mazh-hub, Taraaweeh remains to this day as 20 Rakaats. Our next question to these people is, "Don't you think that the man who collected this hadith (Imaam Bukhari) would have understood it better? Hence his placing of it in the subject of Tahajjud? If not, are you now saying that you possess a far superior understanding of this hadith, than the compiler himself?
Point of Interest: Based on the above hadith, they conclude that the current format of Taraaweeh is a Bid'ah (innovation). One of the first people to have made this unscholarly statement was a person known as Al-Hilli (1250-1325CE). He argued in his book 'Minhaajul Kaaraamah' that Taraaweeh was a Bid'ah. For those who are unaware, Al-Hilli was a very high ranking Shia scholar. As for those who understand the viewpoint of the Shias, suffice to say that this statement was just to throw dust in in the direction of Ameerul Mu'mineen, Sayyidona Umar (radhiyallahu anhu) who established the current format of 20 Rakaats Taraaweeh.
Proof for 20 Rakaats Taraaweeh
We have thus far established that the Noble Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did offer the Taraaweeh Salaah in the month of Ramadhaan. He (sallallahu alayhi was sallam) sometimes prayed individually and other times in Jama’ah (congregation). There are numerous narrations which prove that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did offer 20 Rakaats of Salaatut Taraaweeh.
Hadhrath Abdullah Ibn Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma) states:
“During the month of Ramadhan, aside from the praying of wit’r the Beloved Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) would pray 20 rak’aats of Taraaweeh.”
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybha - Hadith 7692
Imaam Bayhaqi - Sunan al-Kubra, Hadith 4391
Allaamah Ibn Hajr Asqalani - Fathu-hul Bari, Hadith 1908
Imaam Zhahabi - Meezaanul I’tidaal.
(hadith numbers will vary depending on publication)
The narrator, Hadhrath Abdullah ibn Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma) is recognized as one of the foremost authorities on Islamic matters. So there is no discrepancy in relation to the sanad (chain) of the above mentioned narration. It is from here that the basis of the current format of Taraaweeh is established as 20 Rakaats. It also rubbishes the clichéd statement that Taraaweeh in the 20 Rakaat format is a Bid’ah (innovation). It is not an innovation, but a practice of the Noble Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
Taraaweeh in the era of the Khulafaah (radhiyallahu anhum ajma’een)
After the greatest calamity on the earth (the demise of the Noble Prophet peace be upon him), the Ummah was faced with many problems. The first Caliph, Sayyidona Abu Bakr As-Siddique (radhiyallahu ahnu) faced numerous problems. Many became Murtads (Apostates). Though his reign as Caliph was a short lived one, he focused his energy on the ‘bigger picture’, which was to bring these apostates to justice. In this era, Taraaweeh remaind as it was practiced during the lifetime of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). It was only during the reign of Sayyidona Umar (Radhiyallah anhu) that the current format of Taraawaeeh was instated.
“Narrated by Hadhrath Abu Hurayrah (Radhiyallahu anhu): Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) said, "Whoever prayed at night the whole month of Ramadan out of sincere Faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his previous sins will be forgiven." Ibn Shihab (a sub-narrator) said, "Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) passed away and the people continued observing that (individually, not in congregation), and it remained as it was during the Caliphate of Abu Bakr and in the early days of 'Umar's Caliphate." 'Abdur Rahman bin 'Abdul Qari said, "I went out in the company of 'Umar bin Al-Khattab one night in Ramadan to the mosque and found the people praying in different groups. A man praying alone or a man praying with a little group behind him. So, 'Umar said, 'In my opinion I would better collect these (people) under the leadership of one Qari (Reciter) (i.e. let them pray in congregation!)'. So, he made up his mind to congregate them behind Ubay bin Ka'b. Then on another night I went again in his company and the people were praying behind their reciter. On that, 'Umar remarked, 'What an excellent Bid'ah (i.e. innovation in religion) this is; but the prayer which they do not perform, but sleep at its time is better than the one they are offering.' He meant the prayer in the last part of the night. (In those days) people used to pray in the early part of the night." (Sahih Bukhari, Book of Salaatut Taraaweeh )
A few aspects emerge from the above mentioned narration.
“We, (the Companions of the Beloved Prophet peace be upon him) used to pray twenty rakaats Taraaweeh prayer in the era of the Caliph ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab.” (Sunan al-Bayhaqi)
Hadrat Yazid ibn Ruman (radhiyallahu anhu) reports that,
“...during the time of Hadhrat ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab, people used to pray 23 Rak’ahs during Ramadhan (20 rak’ahs for Taraaweeh prayer and 3 rak’ats for witr.)” (Muwatta Imam Malik)
Imam Badr al-Din Aini (rahimahollah) states in his renowned commentary on Sahih Bukhari entitled, “Umdat al-Qari”:
‘Allama ibn ‘Abd al-Barr has states that it is the ruling of the majority of the scholars that taraaweeh is twenty Rakaats. The scholars and jurists of Kufa, Imam Ash-Shaafa’i and the majority of the Fuqaha (Jurists) have stated this, and this is the sound opinion as transmitted from Hadhrat Ubayy ibn Ka’b that no companion had a difference of opinion in it. (‘Umdatul Qari)
Imam Tirmidhi states: The majority of the scholars practice which has been transmitted from Hadrat ‘Umar Faruq, Hadrat ‘Ali and the other companions that Taraaweeh is twenty rakaats. Imam Sufiyan al-Thawri, Imam ‘Abdullah ibn Mubarak and Imam aAsh-Shafa’i have stated the same (that Taraaweeh is twenty rakaats). Imam Shafa’i has stated that we have found the residents of our city Makkatul Mukarramah performing twenty rakaats for the Tarawih prayer. (Tirmidhi – Chapter on worshipping the nights of Ramadhan )
"Umar was the first to set the example of the night prayer of Ramadhaan, the Taraaweeh, and gathered people for it, and instructed dfferent regions (of the Muslim empire) regarding it. this was during the month of Ramadhaan of the year 14 Hijri. He appointed for the people, reciters of the Qur'an who led the Taraaweeh prayer for men and women."
(Tabqaat ibn Sa'd, Taareekhul Khulafa by Imaam Jalaaluddin Suyuti, Umdatul Qari by Allaamah Badruddin Ayni rahimahomollah)
The Taraaweeh remained in the format instated by Sayyidona Umar (radhiyallahu anhu) throughout the Khilaafah of Sayyidona Uthmaan and Sayyidona Ali (radhiyallahu anhuma) & the generations to follow. It has only been in recent history that a minority of misguided people whose aim to cause confusion and dispute among the Ummah, have begun to preach a different method.
Conclusion: The above controversy which continues to cause havoc amongst Muslims is the result of taking a hadith in isolation. People are now preaching that we should abandon the four schools of fiqh (Hanafi, Shaafaee, Maaliki, Humbali) because we are told to follow the Qur’an and Sunnah. This is yet again, calculated misinformation to cause the Ummah to become divided. The four schools of Fiqh have based their rulings primarily on the Qur’an and Sunnah. For us to now leave their rulings and compose our own, is to say that we have a better understanding of the Qur’an and Sunnah than them! It is evident that even these misguided people don’t know the difference between Tahajjud and Taraaweeh, and they believe that they are superior to our predecessors who were luminaries that brightened the horizons of guidance for the future generations. Muslims should hold steadfast to the Four Schools of Fiqh as leaving the majority is the first step toward misguidance.
Shaykh Faheem
Media & Education Depts.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
www.islamiclifestylesolutions.co.za
South African Muslims are by no means strangers to controversy in this blessed month. This is due to the fact that only in the month of Ramadhaan, do we begin to realize just how many Muslims there are out there. For eleven months they remain like bears in hibernation, and suddenly adopt a 'Ramadhaan Beard', 'Ramadhaan Dress code’, 'Ramadhaan Code of conduct', etc. These are the ever elusive 'Ramadhaan Muslims'. Only in Ramadhaan do we become conscious of 'Halaal' & 'Haraam'. Hence the circulation of the 'haraam' debacle
This is the opportune moment for those who are hell-bent on causing chaos in the Ummah! It is for this reason that we find a number of controversial issues surface mainly in the month of Ramadhaan.
This essay will (insha Allah) aim to shed light on a controversy which has wreaked havoc for Muslims in most of the Arab world, and the west as well. It is undoubtedly a controversy which has unsuspectingly crept into South Africa by covert means, and is destroying the very ambience of the month Ramadhaan. I refer to the matter pertaining to the 'Night Prayer' of Ramadhaan, Salaatut Taraaweeh!
So? What is the controversy?
For approximately 1420yrs, Mulsims have been praying their Taraaweeh Salaah with congregation in 20 Rakaats with utmost certainty. Until now...a group of misguided Muslims who have, either a very shallow understanding of hadith, or are intentionally providing calculated misinformation to the Muslims by claiming that the Taraaweeh prayer is only 8 Rakaats.
The Taraaweeh prayer in the current format of 20 Rakaats has always been the Ijmaa’ (consensus) of the Ulama for centuries.
Prior to any form of rebuttal (which will come in the form of a series of objective questions), we must ensure that all readers are fully aware of the concept of Taraweeh as it has been practiced from the era of the righteously guided companions (radhiyallahu anhum ajma'een), till today.
If we are to conduct a word search for the word 'Taraweeh' from the blessed lips of Nabi Muhammad (peace be upon him) in the books of Hadith, we will unfortunately come up very short. The current institution of Taraaweeh was originally known as 'Qiyaamul Layl' (to stand in prayer at night).
Where did the word Taraaweeh originate from?
The word 'taraaweeh' is the plural form derived from the word 'tarweehah', which literally translates as a 'break, interval, pause' etc. Since the Taraaweeh prayer consisted of 'breaks' or short 'Tarweehah' in-between Rakaats, it came to be known as Salaatut Taraaweeh. The Taraaweeh salaah is Sunnat-e-Muakkadah and this is the consensus of the Jurists in Islam.
Did the Prophet (peace be upon him) read the Taraaweeh in congregation?
Narrated by 'Urwa: That he was informed by 'Aisha, "Allah's Apostle went out in the middle of the night and prayed in the mosque and some men prayed behind him. In the morning, the people spoke about it and then a large number of them gathered and prayed behind him (on the second night). In the next morning the people again talked about it and on the third night the mosque was full with a large number of people. Allah's Apostle came out and the people prayed behind him. On the fourth night the Mosque was overwhelmed with people and could not accommodate them, but the Prophet came out (only) for the Morning Prayer. When the morning prayer was finished he recited Tashah-hud and (addressing the people) said, "Amma ba'du, your presence was not hidden from me but I was afraid lest the night prayer (Qiyam) should be enjoined on you and you might not be able to carry it on." So, Allah's Apostle died and the situation remained like that (i.e. people prayed individually). "
(Sahih Bukhari, Chapter on the Night Prayer in Ramadhaan)
The above hadith incontrovertibly explains that the Beloved Prophet (peace be upon him) did lead the companions in the night prayer in the month of Ramadhaan.
How many Rakaats did the Prophet ﷺ(sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) read?
There are numerous ahaadeeth which explain various opinions in relation to the number of rakaats read in the night prayer of the Prophet ﷺ (peace be upon him) There are two conflicting viewpoints which have now taken center stage:
1. Taraaweeh is 20 Rakaats as this has been the teaching for approximately 1420 years.
2. Taraaweeh was read as 8 Rakaats. This means that 20 Rakaats is a bid'ah.
Since the latter view is a more recent one, we will commence by analyzing its origin so that the reader may be able to fully grasp the subject.
View One: Taraaweeh as 8 Rakaats - True? or Falsified?
Those who aggressively market this opinion have forwarded two proofs from the books of hadith.
Proof 1 : The first proof (recorded in the Musnad Abu Ya'la & Tabraani) explains that the Prophet ﷺ (peace be upon him) recited in the month of Ramadhaan 11 rakaats (8 + 3 witr) at night.
Rebuttal : When we analyze the sanad (chain) of the above proof, we conclude that one of the narrators in this chain is Isa bin Jaariyah. The scholars who were masters in the subject of Rijaal such as Yahya bin Maeen have classified him as a weak narrator. Great muhaddithoon such as Imaam Nasai (Rahimahollah) have classified him as Matrook. Meaning that if they found him in the chain, they would abandon that narrative. On this basis, the above narration is weak.
Proof 2 : Taraaweeh is 8 Rakaats as this is evident in the most authentic book of hadith, Sahih Bukhari:
Narrated by Abu Salma bin 'Abdur Rahman: I asked 'Aisha, "How is the prayer of Allah's Prophet during the month of Ramadan." She said, "Allah's Prophet never exceeded eleven Rakat in Ramadan or in other months; he used to offer four Rakat-- do not ask me about their beauty and length, then four Rakat, do not ask me about their beauty and length, and then three Rakat." Aisha further said, "I said, 'O Allah's Prophet! Do you sleep before offering the Witr prayer?' He replied, 'O 'Aisha! My eyes sleep but my heart remains awake'!" (Sahih Bukhari)
Since those who quote the above hadith, do so with a bit of a swagger, we must insist on presenting a preliminary observation which unveils the shallow minded viewpoint for what it is...calculated misinformation!
Preliminary observation.
At least a century ago, a student of hadith could not take the narration he learned into the public domain, until he was educated on the various commands, the socio-historic background, wisdom, etc. regarding that particular narration. Fast forward to the modern age, and even a child has access to the Prophetic traditions at the click of a button. Whilst there is nothing wrong in providing access to the books of ahaadeeth, the detrimental effects of taking a hadith and practicing upon them without a solid grounding, will result in the exact same dilemma as we face now (the view of Taraaweeh being 8 rakaats).
We also see an increase in the number of people who walk around with their 'translated' copies of Sahih Bukhari due to their lack of understanding the Arabic language. This causes a huge portion of the hadith, its socio-historic background, and command in the shariah to become literally ‘Lost in Translation'. Furthermore, we find the view regarding 8 rakaats to be spreading among the youth like a house on fire. This is because; the perpetrators responsible for the arousal of this controversy know that the youth of the modern age are always looking for upgrades. They are constantly upgrading their vehicles, mobiles, and latest gadgetry. Now, all of a sudden, when it comes to their religion, they want to downgrade? They are conditioned to take the 'easy path' of 8 rakaats, in the face of a mountainous journey of 20 rakaats. Being youth, they choose that which is easy, whilst still allowing them to feel some sort of 'religious fulfillment' in reciting 8 rakaats, and also giving them the 'free time' to pursue idle causes. We do know very well that an idle mind is the devils’ playground.
Rebuttal 2: When the above proof is presented to the layman, he is immediately faced with the following questions.
1. If Sahih Bukhari explains that the Taraaweeh of the Prophet ﷺ (peace be upon him) was 8 Rakaats, then why am I reading 20?
2. Why have our Ulama not told us this?
3. Have they intentionally hidden this information from us?
This is exactly the sort of designed responses that the people of mischief have planned.
The answer to this seemingly brilliant proof is actually quite a simple one. It lies within the words of Sayyidah Ayeshah (radhiyallahu anha). She stated:
'Allah's Prophet never exceeded eleven Rakat in Ramadan or in other months'
To the unsuspecting-shallow-minded-Muslim, the above statement is used to prove that the Prophet ﷺ (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) read 8 rakaats plus 3 witr. To the Islamically educated Muslim, the above statement is pivotal in disproving their stance. The fact that the Prophet ﷺ (peace be upon him) is described to have recited these 8 rakaats IN & OUT of Ramadhaan sparks us to inquire the following:
Does this mean that the Prophet ﷺ(peace be upon him) read 'Taraaweeh' even out of Ramadhaan? If so, why are we only reciting it in Ramadhaan? Remember, we clearly explained that the original word was not Taraaweeh, but 'Qiyaamul Layal' (to stand in prayer at night). So? Is there any such prayer which the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)ﷺ recited at night, both in and out of Ramadhaan? Yes! It is known as Tahajjud.
It is by no means a coincidence that above 'so-called' proof for 8 Rakaats Taraaweeh, is in fact NOT ABOUT TARAAWEEH AT ALL! It is about Salaatut Tahajjud.
Further proof which strengthens this stance is the undeniable fact that Imaam Bukhari (rahimahollah) himself placed the above quoted hadith in the chapter on Tahajjud.
We would further like to inquire from these people who make such claims to answer the following questions for us:
'If you are so adamant that this hadith is proof of 8 rakaats Taraaweeh, and not Tahajjud, are you also reciting these 8 rakaats in the other 11 months like the Prophet ﷺ(? If not, then why are you only practicing upon the numerical aspect only? Is this not in a way, a form of misguidance by your own standard?
Furthermore, Imaam Bukhari (rahimahollah) was a muqallid (adherer) to the Muzh-hub of Imaam Shaafa'e (rahimahollah). In the Shaafa'ee Mazh-hub, Taraaweeh remains to this day as 20 Rakaats. Our next question to these people is, "Don't you think that the man who collected this hadith (Imaam Bukhari) would have understood it better? Hence his placing of it in the subject of Tahajjud? If not, are you now saying that you possess a far superior understanding of this hadith, than the compiler himself?
Point of Interest: Based on the above hadith, they conclude that the current format of Taraaweeh is a Bid'ah (innovation). One of the first people to have made this unscholarly statement was a person known as Al-Hilli (1250-1325CE). He argued in his book 'Minhaajul Kaaraamah' that Taraaweeh was a Bid'ah. For those who are unaware, Al-Hilli was a very high ranking Shia scholar. As for those who understand the viewpoint of the Shias, suffice to say that this statement was just to throw dust in in the direction of Ameerul Mu'mineen, Sayyidona Umar (radhiyallahu anhu) who established the current format of 20 Rakaats Taraaweeh.
Proof for 20 Rakaats Taraaweeh
We have thus far established that the Noble Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did offer the Taraaweeh Salaah in the month of Ramadhaan. He (sallallahu alayhi was sallam) sometimes prayed individually and other times in Jama’ah (congregation). There are numerous narrations which prove that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did offer 20 Rakaats of Salaatut Taraaweeh.
Hadhrath Abdullah Ibn Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma) states:
“During the month of Ramadhan, aside from the praying of wit’r the Beloved Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) would pray 20 rak’aats of Taraaweeh.”
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybha - Hadith 7692
Imaam Bayhaqi - Sunan al-Kubra, Hadith 4391
Allaamah Ibn Hajr Asqalani - Fathu-hul Bari, Hadith 1908
Imaam Zhahabi - Meezaanul I’tidaal.
(hadith numbers will vary depending on publication)
The narrator, Hadhrath Abdullah ibn Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma) is recognized as one of the foremost authorities on Islamic matters. So there is no discrepancy in relation to the sanad (chain) of the above mentioned narration. It is from here that the basis of the current format of Taraaweeh is established as 20 Rakaats. It also rubbishes the clichéd statement that Taraaweeh in the 20 Rakaat format is a Bid’ah (innovation). It is not an innovation, but a practice of the Noble Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
Taraaweeh in the era of the Khulafaah (radhiyallahu anhum ajma’een)
After the greatest calamity on the earth (the demise of the Noble Prophet peace be upon him), the Ummah was faced with many problems. The first Caliph, Sayyidona Abu Bakr As-Siddique (radhiyallahu ahnu) faced numerous problems. Many became Murtads (Apostates). Though his reign as Caliph was a short lived one, he focused his energy on the ‘bigger picture’, which was to bring these apostates to justice. In this era, Taraaweeh remaind as it was practiced during the lifetime of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). It was only during the reign of Sayyidona Umar (Radhiyallah anhu) that the current format of Taraawaeeh was instated.
“Narrated by Hadhrath Abu Hurayrah (Radhiyallahu anhu): Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) said, "Whoever prayed at night the whole month of Ramadan out of sincere Faith and hoping for a reward from Allah, then all his previous sins will be forgiven." Ibn Shihab (a sub-narrator) said, "Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) passed away and the people continued observing that (individually, not in congregation), and it remained as it was during the Caliphate of Abu Bakr and in the early days of 'Umar's Caliphate." 'Abdur Rahman bin 'Abdul Qari said, "I went out in the company of 'Umar bin Al-Khattab one night in Ramadan to the mosque and found the people praying in different groups. A man praying alone or a man praying with a little group behind him. So, 'Umar said, 'In my opinion I would better collect these (people) under the leadership of one Qari (Reciter) (i.e. let them pray in congregation!)'. So, he made up his mind to congregate them behind Ubay bin Ka'b. Then on another night I went again in his company and the people were praying behind their reciter. On that, 'Umar remarked, 'What an excellent Bid'ah (i.e. innovation in religion) this is; but the prayer which they do not perform, but sleep at its time is better than the one they are offering.' He meant the prayer in the last part of the night. (In those days) people used to pray in the early part of the night." (Sahih Bukhari, Book of Salaatut Taraaweeh )
A few aspects emerge from the above mentioned narration.
- The companions were reciting Taraaweeh. Some individually, and others in congregation
Sayyidona Umar (radhiyallahu anhu) felt that it was in his opinion better for the companions to be in unified on the matter of Taraaweeh as opposed to being divided. (somthing that the preachers of 8 rakaats seem hell-bent on achieving)
A Bid’ah is not necessarily a one-sided affair. Sayyidona Umar (radhiyallahu anhu) displayed to the Ummah that if a practice is instated for the benefit of the Muslims, it may be regarded as a good innovation. This is also the view of Allaamah Ibn Hajr Asqalani (rahimahollah) under the commentary of the above hadith in his masterpiece, Fath-hul-Baari.
Ibn Hajr further explains that the view of Sayyidona Umar (radhiyallhu anhu) was accepted by the jumhoor (overwhelming majority) of the companions. This means that some of the greatest companions who were still alive at the time did not oppose the establishment of Taraaweeh in congregation for the Ummah at large by Ameerul Mu’mineen Sayyidoan Umar (radhiyallahu anhu). For the newly sprung mushroom type ideologies to now declare that the current format of Taraaweeh is incorrect, and a Bid’ah (innovation), is basically to state that the giants of that era were Bid’atees (innovators). (Ma'aazhallah)
The reason why none of the giants among the sahaabas never objected, is because they were most likely also aware of the following hadith recorded in the Mustadhrak of Imaam Haakim who graded it sahih: The Prophet (peace be upon him said), - “…take hold of my Sunnah, and the Sunnah of the righteously guided Caliphs...”
It must be noteDd that the hadith does not clarify the amount of rakaats that were established in during that era, though the evidence is highly in favor of the 20 Rakaats.
“We, (the Companions of the Beloved Prophet peace be upon him) used to pray twenty rakaats Taraaweeh prayer in the era of the Caliph ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab.” (Sunan al-Bayhaqi)
Hadrat Yazid ibn Ruman (radhiyallahu anhu) reports that,
“...during the time of Hadhrat ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab, people used to pray 23 Rak’ahs during Ramadhan (20 rak’ahs for Taraaweeh prayer and 3 rak’ats for witr.)” (Muwatta Imam Malik)
Imam Badr al-Din Aini (rahimahollah) states in his renowned commentary on Sahih Bukhari entitled, “Umdat al-Qari”:
‘Allama ibn ‘Abd al-Barr has states that it is the ruling of the majority of the scholars that taraaweeh is twenty Rakaats. The scholars and jurists of Kufa, Imam Ash-Shaafa’i and the majority of the Fuqaha (Jurists) have stated this, and this is the sound opinion as transmitted from Hadhrat Ubayy ibn Ka’b that no companion had a difference of opinion in it. (‘Umdatul Qari)
Imam Tirmidhi states: The majority of the scholars practice which has been transmitted from Hadrat ‘Umar Faruq, Hadrat ‘Ali and the other companions that Taraaweeh is twenty rakaats. Imam Sufiyan al-Thawri, Imam ‘Abdullah ibn Mubarak and Imam aAsh-Shafa’i have stated the same (that Taraaweeh is twenty rakaats). Imam Shafa’i has stated that we have found the residents of our city Makkatul Mukarramah performing twenty rakaats for the Tarawih prayer. (Tirmidhi – Chapter on worshipping the nights of Ramadhan )
"Umar was the first to set the example of the night prayer of Ramadhaan, the Taraaweeh, and gathered people for it, and instructed dfferent regions (of the Muslim empire) regarding it. this was during the month of Ramadhaan of the year 14 Hijri. He appointed for the people, reciters of the Qur'an who led the Taraaweeh prayer for men and women."
(Tabqaat ibn Sa'd, Taareekhul Khulafa by Imaam Jalaaluddin Suyuti, Umdatul Qari by Allaamah Badruddin Ayni rahimahomollah)
The Taraaweeh remained in the format instated by Sayyidona Umar (radhiyallahu anhu) throughout the Khilaafah of Sayyidona Uthmaan and Sayyidona Ali (radhiyallahu anhuma) & the generations to follow. It has only been in recent history that a minority of misguided people whose aim to cause confusion and dispute among the Ummah, have begun to preach a different method.
Conclusion: The above controversy which continues to cause havoc amongst Muslims is the result of taking a hadith in isolation. People are now preaching that we should abandon the four schools of fiqh (Hanafi, Shaafaee, Maaliki, Humbali) because we are told to follow the Qur’an and Sunnah. This is yet again, calculated misinformation to cause the Ummah to become divided. The four schools of Fiqh have based their rulings primarily on the Qur’an and Sunnah. For us to now leave their rulings and compose our own, is to say that we have a better understanding of the Qur’an and Sunnah than them! It is evident that even these misguided people don’t know the difference between Tahajjud and Taraaweeh, and they believe that they are superior to our predecessors who were luminaries that brightened the horizons of guidance for the future generations. Muslims should hold steadfast to the Four Schools of Fiqh as leaving the majority is the first step toward misguidance.
Shaykh Faheem
Media & Education Depts.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
www.islamiclifestylesolutions.co.za
Was the Me'raj a Physical or Spiritual Journey?
Whilst humankind progresses in the social, political, and technological fields, there is a steady decline in the in the religious consciousness in the wake of modern western civilization. For the first time in our history, we are witnessing the emergence of a godless society. A society whose epistemology is based on rational inquiry and external observation. It is this methodological approach which has been responsible for the rise of Atheism, Darwinism, Naturalism, and every other 'ism' whose basis forms the premise of a world that functions without the will of God.
We have seen this highly contagious disease of the mind spread to even the shores of Islam. As a result, Muslims are now dependent on rationale and reason as the primary source of knowledge. Hence, questions about Islam, the Qur'an, the Prophets (peace be upon them all), Paradise, hell, etc. are becoming more and more objective to a critical point. We must remind readers to take note of the definition of faith, viz. belief without proof.
In the wake of this continuous bombardment on Islam, the most criticised aspect of the life of the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him) is the famous night journey known as the Me'raj. Whilst the Me'raj is hailed as the greatest miracleby Muslims in humankind's brief history, there are those within the ranks of Islam who battle with the subject. One of the more common objections placed on the subject of the Me'raj is with regards to whether it was a spiritual, or physical journey. This essay will aim to shed some light on the subject by analyzing the premise of their objections and further respond with a rebuttal to prove that the Me'raj was indeed a journey both in body and spirit. We must further emphasize that this is also the majority opinion of the Ulama of old.
Objection 1
The Me'raj was a spiritual journey and not a physical one as the primary source of Islamic law (Al-Qur'an) states very clearly:
Behold! We told thee that thy Lord doth encompass mankind round about: We granted the vision which We showed thee (O Muhammad ﷺ) but as a trial for men, - as also the Cursed Tree (mentioned) in the Qur'an: We put terror (and warning) into them, but it only increases their inordinate transgression! (Surah Al-Israa,V.60)
This is more than sufficient to prove that the Me'raj was a spiritual journey as the word 'vision' implies that it was not physical.
Rebuttal 1
The above conclusion is in consequence of misinterpretation due to lack of understanding the vastness of arabic language or due to blatantly calculated misinformation.
Commentating on the above verse, Imaam Fakhruddin Raazi (Rahimahollah) mentioned that the word ‘Ro'yaa’ also means, to see with the eye. He explains in his masterpiece better known as 'Tafseer Kabeer':
"The Ulama have mentioned that the word ro’ya means “vision” as well as “to see with one’s own two eyes”. Very few have taken the meaning of ro’ya in this verse to mean that the entire story of the Me’raj was a“vision”. This is a weak and false claim."
The above view is further strengthened by the great and noble member of the household of the Prophet ﷺ(sallallahu alayhi wa sallam),Hadhrath Abdullah ibn Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma) who stated that the word 'Ro'yaa here means 'Ro'yal Ain' (seeing with the eye).
The morning after the Me'raj, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ(Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) explained his journey to the Meccans. This resulted in a blatant rejection of his claim. One does not need to be a rocket scientist to know that their reason for objecting was based on the fact that they understood the journey to be a physical one. Why else would they object? If the journey was explained to them by the Noble Messenger ﷺ (peace be upon him) as a spiritual journey, there would not have been a single objection. Why not? As barbaric and ignorant as the pagan Meccans were, they were human beings who also went to bed at night and experienced dreams. Everyone in the world experiences dreams. In dreams, we enter a realm beyond our control. If the Prophet (peace be upon him_ ﷺ explained the Me'raj as a dream, then any one of those Meccans could have made the same claim as he did the very next day. They objected because it was beyond their capacity (similar to those who disbelieve in God, and those who are weak in faith) to fathom how a man could have traveled in one night from the Holy sanctuary of Makkah, to Jerusalem, then to penetrate the seven cosmic strata, to surpass all of creation and enter into a timeless, space-less place (La Makaa) to meet with his Lord, and proceed to make the journey back? Physically??? All in a single night??? This was their premise for objection. They understood that Muhammad(peace be upon him) ﷺ explained his journey to them as a 'physical' one.
Furthermore, if we were to assume that the above mentioned verse was in fact in reference to the Me'raj as a spiritual journey, then the very context of the verse would be called into question. The verse mentions that the 'ro'yaa' which Nabi Muhammad (peace be upon him)ﷺ was shown, was done so as a 'trial' for humanity. After careful analysis of the Me'raj, we conclude that the 'trial' was for those who would accept or reject the Me'raj as a 'miracle'. The disbelievers rejected it and thus 'failed' the trial. Personalities such as Sayyidona Abu Bakr (radhiyallahu anhu) seized the moment to display utter loyalty and faith in the words of his Messenger (peace be upon him)ﷺ, and thus 'passed' the trial. If the Me'raj was only a spiritual journey, then it would lose the splendor of being categorized as a 'miracle'. After all, if a 'dream' was regarded as a miraculous event, then every morning until the final hour would be deemed miraculous for billions of people on a daily basis. The Me'raj was indeed, both in body and in spirit.
Objection 2:
The Beloved wife of the Prophet ﷺ, Sayyidah Ayeshah radhiyallahu anha was once quizzed regarding the Me'raj. Her response was that the body of the Prophet (peace be upon him) ﷺ did not move. Hence it is quite clear that it was not a physical journey, but a spiritual one. After all, how could it be a physical journey if he did not move physically?
Rebuttal 2:
The above narration cited from Ibn Is'haaq proves to be anything but an objection upon the physicality of the Me'raj on multiple levels. The problems are two-fold. Firstly from the sanad (chain of narrators preceding the text of a hadith), and secondly from the matn (text). At each point there are objections which must be explored before blindly drawing to a conclusion.
With regards to the sanad, the scholars of hadith have placed an objection on the chain as it mentions, 'I was explained by some family members of Abu Bakr that Ayeshah mentioned”. There is a discrepancy as to who these family members are as they are not mentioned by name. This brings into question the authenticity of the narrative. Until those family members are not clarified, it would be extremely illogical as well as biased to use the text as a baseline of determining whether the Me'raj was a spiritual journey only.
As for the matn, the objection is based on a logical yet sound argument. The rebuttal is formualted from the basic analysis of the Seerah (Prophetic biography). The Noble Seerah has been divided into two categories by the scholars of seerah. The Meccan period, and the Madinan era. The scholars agree that Sayyidah Ayesha (radhiyallahu anha) never lived with the Prophet (peace be upon him)ﷺ as his wife in the Meccan period of the seerah. She only began living with him as his wife in the Medinan era. Since the Me'raj took place in the Meccan period, the question which begs to be asked is, "How could she have witnessed whether or not the body of the Prophet (peace be upon him)ﷺ physically moved or not?" Some of the Ulama have opined that the statement in question may be regarded as the viewpoint of Sayyidah Ayesha (radhiyallahu anha) and no ruling may be passed on thereupon.
The Me'raj was a Journey in both Body and Spirit
The Qur'an & Sunnah are scattered with evidence suggesting that the Me'raj was indeed a journey both in body and spirit. The opening verse of the very chapter which introduces the Me'raj explains:
Glory to (Allah) Who did take His servant for a Journey by night from the Sacred Mosque to the farthest Mosque, whose precincts We did bless,- in order that We might show him some of Our Signs: for He is the One Who heareth and seeth (all things). (17:1)
The keyword here in the arabic text being, "عبد" or servant. In the arabic language, the word ‘abd’ is always used to call upon a person who is present in body and soul. An example of this may be understood by a typical funeral procession. Whilst alive, a person is addressed by name, in this case, the example for all intent and purpose is ‘Adbullah’. The moment Abdullah ceases to exist, he will no longer be addressed by his name, but will now be addressed as, "ميّت" (Mayyit). This proves that the Beloved Messenger (peace eb upon him) made the journey in both body and spirit. As we will shortly explain, Allah ﷻ in his infinite wisdom, intentionally chose to use the word 'servant' to describe the journey as a physical one. Had Allah ﷻ used the word, "رسول" (Messenger) instead of the word 'servant', the very context of the journey would have come crumbling down like a ton of bricks. We witness yet again a linguistic miracle of the Qur'an. Every word of the Qur'an is precise and cannot be replaced.
A Messenger is he, who is sent from Allah Ta Aala to creation, whilst a servant is he who commences his religious quest from mankind and makes the journey to Allah Ta Aala. If the word 'rasool' (Messenger) was used to describe the Beloved Prophet (peace be upon him)ﷺ in the journey, it would have rendered the entire journey to Allah Ta Aala redundant.
Further proof as an indication of the Me'raj being a physical journey is the following verse of the Qur'an:
"The eye did not turn aside, nor did it exceed the limit." (Najm 53:17)
Commentating on the above verse, Imaam Qurtubi (rahimahollah) explains that "بصر" (basar) here means what he saw with his eyes. Of course it is only logical to deduce that the 'seeing by the eye' meant that it was physical as opposed to spiritual.
Whilst in a dream state, one is unable to manifest anything in the realm of the physical. This is common knowledge. If the Me'raj was indeed a spiritual journey only, why then do Muslims honor the 'physical' spots in Jerusalem by reciting nafl prayer or supplicating to Allah Ta Aala at those actual physical spots? Would that not be an act of total irrationality? Of course it would. Since the majority of Muslims are not devoid of rationale, it serves to strengthen the case of it being a physical journey.
The objections placed upon the physicality of the Me'raj are a result of studying the subject in isolation. it was indeed a journey in Body and Spirit.
Shaykh Faheem
Media & Education
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
We have seen this highly contagious disease of the mind spread to even the shores of Islam. As a result, Muslims are now dependent on rationale and reason as the primary source of knowledge. Hence, questions about Islam, the Qur'an, the Prophets (peace be upon them all), Paradise, hell, etc. are becoming more and more objective to a critical point. We must remind readers to take note of the definition of faith, viz. belief without proof.
In the wake of this continuous bombardment on Islam, the most criticised aspect of the life of the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him) is the famous night journey known as the Me'raj. Whilst the Me'raj is hailed as the greatest miracleby Muslims in humankind's brief history, there are those within the ranks of Islam who battle with the subject. One of the more common objections placed on the subject of the Me'raj is with regards to whether it was a spiritual, or physical journey. This essay will aim to shed some light on the subject by analyzing the premise of their objections and further respond with a rebuttal to prove that the Me'raj was indeed a journey both in body and spirit. We must further emphasize that this is also the majority opinion of the Ulama of old.
Objection 1
The Me'raj was a spiritual journey and not a physical one as the primary source of Islamic law (Al-Qur'an) states very clearly:
Behold! We told thee that thy Lord doth encompass mankind round about: We granted the vision which We showed thee (O Muhammad ﷺ) but as a trial for men, - as also the Cursed Tree (mentioned) in the Qur'an: We put terror (and warning) into them, but it only increases their inordinate transgression! (Surah Al-Israa,V.60)
This is more than sufficient to prove that the Me'raj was a spiritual journey as the word 'vision' implies that it was not physical.
Rebuttal 1
The above conclusion is in consequence of misinterpretation due to lack of understanding the vastness of arabic language or due to blatantly calculated misinformation.
Commentating on the above verse, Imaam Fakhruddin Raazi (Rahimahollah) mentioned that the word ‘Ro'yaa’ also means, to see with the eye. He explains in his masterpiece better known as 'Tafseer Kabeer':
"The Ulama have mentioned that the word ro’ya means “vision” as well as “to see with one’s own two eyes”. Very few have taken the meaning of ro’ya in this verse to mean that the entire story of the Me’raj was a“vision”. This is a weak and false claim."
The above view is further strengthened by the great and noble member of the household of the Prophet ﷺ(sallallahu alayhi wa sallam),Hadhrath Abdullah ibn Abbas (radhiyallahu anhuma) who stated that the word 'Ro'yaa here means 'Ro'yal Ain' (seeing with the eye).
The morning after the Me'raj, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ(Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) explained his journey to the Meccans. This resulted in a blatant rejection of his claim. One does not need to be a rocket scientist to know that their reason for objecting was based on the fact that they understood the journey to be a physical one. Why else would they object? If the journey was explained to them by the Noble Messenger ﷺ (peace be upon him) as a spiritual journey, there would not have been a single objection. Why not? As barbaric and ignorant as the pagan Meccans were, they were human beings who also went to bed at night and experienced dreams. Everyone in the world experiences dreams. In dreams, we enter a realm beyond our control. If the Prophet (peace be upon him_ ﷺ explained the Me'raj as a dream, then any one of those Meccans could have made the same claim as he did the very next day. They objected because it was beyond their capacity (similar to those who disbelieve in God, and those who are weak in faith) to fathom how a man could have traveled in one night from the Holy sanctuary of Makkah, to Jerusalem, then to penetrate the seven cosmic strata, to surpass all of creation and enter into a timeless, space-less place (La Makaa) to meet with his Lord, and proceed to make the journey back? Physically??? All in a single night??? This was their premise for objection. They understood that Muhammad(peace be upon him) ﷺ explained his journey to them as a 'physical' one.
Furthermore, if we were to assume that the above mentioned verse was in fact in reference to the Me'raj as a spiritual journey, then the very context of the verse would be called into question. The verse mentions that the 'ro'yaa' which Nabi Muhammad (peace be upon him)ﷺ was shown, was done so as a 'trial' for humanity. After careful analysis of the Me'raj, we conclude that the 'trial' was for those who would accept or reject the Me'raj as a 'miracle'. The disbelievers rejected it and thus 'failed' the trial. Personalities such as Sayyidona Abu Bakr (radhiyallahu anhu) seized the moment to display utter loyalty and faith in the words of his Messenger (peace be upon him)ﷺ, and thus 'passed' the trial. If the Me'raj was only a spiritual journey, then it would lose the splendor of being categorized as a 'miracle'. After all, if a 'dream' was regarded as a miraculous event, then every morning until the final hour would be deemed miraculous for billions of people on a daily basis. The Me'raj was indeed, both in body and in spirit.
Objection 2:
The Beloved wife of the Prophet ﷺ, Sayyidah Ayeshah radhiyallahu anha was once quizzed regarding the Me'raj. Her response was that the body of the Prophet (peace be upon him) ﷺ did not move. Hence it is quite clear that it was not a physical journey, but a spiritual one. After all, how could it be a physical journey if he did not move physically?
Rebuttal 2:
The above narration cited from Ibn Is'haaq proves to be anything but an objection upon the physicality of the Me'raj on multiple levels. The problems are two-fold. Firstly from the sanad (chain of narrators preceding the text of a hadith), and secondly from the matn (text). At each point there are objections which must be explored before blindly drawing to a conclusion.
With regards to the sanad, the scholars of hadith have placed an objection on the chain as it mentions, 'I was explained by some family members of Abu Bakr that Ayeshah mentioned”. There is a discrepancy as to who these family members are as they are not mentioned by name. This brings into question the authenticity of the narrative. Until those family members are not clarified, it would be extremely illogical as well as biased to use the text as a baseline of determining whether the Me'raj was a spiritual journey only.
As for the matn, the objection is based on a logical yet sound argument. The rebuttal is formualted from the basic analysis of the Seerah (Prophetic biography). The Noble Seerah has been divided into two categories by the scholars of seerah. The Meccan period, and the Madinan era. The scholars agree that Sayyidah Ayesha (radhiyallahu anha) never lived with the Prophet (peace be upon him)ﷺ as his wife in the Meccan period of the seerah. She only began living with him as his wife in the Medinan era. Since the Me'raj took place in the Meccan period, the question which begs to be asked is, "How could she have witnessed whether or not the body of the Prophet (peace be upon him)ﷺ physically moved or not?" Some of the Ulama have opined that the statement in question may be regarded as the viewpoint of Sayyidah Ayesha (radhiyallahu anha) and no ruling may be passed on thereupon.
The Me'raj was a Journey in both Body and Spirit
The Qur'an & Sunnah are scattered with evidence suggesting that the Me'raj was indeed a journey both in body and spirit. The opening verse of the very chapter which introduces the Me'raj explains:
Glory to (Allah) Who did take His servant for a Journey by night from the Sacred Mosque to the farthest Mosque, whose precincts We did bless,- in order that We might show him some of Our Signs: for He is the One Who heareth and seeth (all things). (17:1)
The keyword here in the arabic text being, "عبد" or servant. In the arabic language, the word ‘abd’ is always used to call upon a person who is present in body and soul. An example of this may be understood by a typical funeral procession. Whilst alive, a person is addressed by name, in this case, the example for all intent and purpose is ‘Adbullah’. The moment Abdullah ceases to exist, he will no longer be addressed by his name, but will now be addressed as, "ميّت" (Mayyit). This proves that the Beloved Messenger (peace eb upon him) made the journey in both body and spirit. As we will shortly explain, Allah ﷻ in his infinite wisdom, intentionally chose to use the word 'servant' to describe the journey as a physical one. Had Allah ﷻ used the word, "رسول" (Messenger) instead of the word 'servant', the very context of the journey would have come crumbling down like a ton of bricks. We witness yet again a linguistic miracle of the Qur'an. Every word of the Qur'an is precise and cannot be replaced.
A Messenger is he, who is sent from Allah Ta Aala to creation, whilst a servant is he who commences his religious quest from mankind and makes the journey to Allah Ta Aala. If the word 'rasool' (Messenger) was used to describe the Beloved Prophet (peace be upon him)ﷺ in the journey, it would have rendered the entire journey to Allah Ta Aala redundant.
Further proof as an indication of the Me'raj being a physical journey is the following verse of the Qur'an:
"The eye did not turn aside, nor did it exceed the limit." (Najm 53:17)
Commentating on the above verse, Imaam Qurtubi (rahimahollah) explains that "بصر" (basar) here means what he saw with his eyes. Of course it is only logical to deduce that the 'seeing by the eye' meant that it was physical as opposed to spiritual.
Whilst in a dream state, one is unable to manifest anything in the realm of the physical. This is common knowledge. If the Me'raj was indeed a spiritual journey only, why then do Muslims honor the 'physical' spots in Jerusalem by reciting nafl prayer or supplicating to Allah Ta Aala at those actual physical spots? Would that not be an act of total irrationality? Of course it would. Since the majority of Muslims are not devoid of rationale, it serves to strengthen the case of it being a physical journey.
The objections placed upon the physicality of the Me'raj are a result of studying the subject in isolation. it was indeed a journey in Body and Spirit.
Shaykh Faheem
Media & Education
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
Towards understanding "Revelation"
وَمَا كَانَ لِبَشَرٍ أَن يُكَلِّمَهُ ٱللَّهُ إِلاَّ وَحْياً أَوْ مِن وَرَآءِ حِجَابٍ أَوْ يُرْسِلَ رَسُولاً فَيُوحِيَ بِإِذْنِهِ مَا يَشَآءُ إِنَّهُ عَلِيٌّ حَكِيم
“It is not given to any human being that Allah should speak to him unless (it be) by Inspiration, or from behind a veil, or (that) He sends a Messenger to reveal what He wills by His Leave. Verily, He is Most High, Most Wise.[1]
This verse clearly indicates that Allah Ta Aala communicates with his Prophets in 3 ways:-
A) Inspiration (Wahy)
B) Behind a Veil
C) Via the Mediation of a sent Messenger (Jibreel)
A) Inspiration: - Refers to Revelation unto the heart through inspiration.(Wahyul Qalb) In this form of communication NO words are spoken. [2] Allah Ta Aala places “Al-ilmul Yaqeen” (Definite Knowledge) to ensure that His Messenger has no doubt about the command.
B) Behind a veil: - In this form of communication, words are exchanged but only a voice is heard. Allah Ta Aala remains veiled.[3]
C) Via the Mediation of a sent Messenger:- in this form of communication Allah Ta Aala reveals his message unto the Angel and then the message is brought to his Prophets via this Angel. (Jibreel alayhis salaam)
How does Allah Ta Aala communicate with his Angels?
He engages them with direct speech as seen in the following verse of the Qur’an:
“And when your Lord said unto the angels: Lo! I am about to place a viceroy in the earth, they said: Will You place therein one who will do harm therein and will shed blood, while we, we hymn Your praise and sanctify You? He said: Surely I know that which ye know not.” [4]
The above verse fulfills the necessary requirements for a dialogue. Allah Ta Aala speaks. His words are heard by the Angels who not only listen, but also understand. Thereafter they respond to Allah Almighty.
Giving a more descriptive view on the exchanges by Allah Ta Aala and His Angels, Hadhrath Nawaas bin Sam’aan (radhiyallahu anhu) explains that Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has stated:
“When Allah wishes to reveal something He speaks the revelation. The Heavens begin to tremble from the fear of Allah. When the dwellers of the Heavens hear this, they fall in prostration to Allah and fall unconscious. The first to raise his head is Jibreel.” [5]
Thereafter Jibreel (alayhis salaam) takes the message to the rest of the angels or to the Messengers of Allah. The above verse and hadith shows that the Angels hear the message and command of Allah and have the ability to respond.
Qur’an during the Prophetic Era
There are many authentic narrations which prove that Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did receive some signs of revelation prior to the incident at the cave of Hira. The Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him) would see true dreams. Historians are in agreement that the first verses revealed were the famous words of “Iqra”. [6] Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was 40years old at the time. He was requested to read, upon which his response was, “maa ana bi qaari” (I am not of the reciters). The Beloved Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) then hurried home to his wife Sayyidah Khadeejah (radhiyallahu anhaa) who wrapped him up in a blanket and took care of him. She took him to her cousin Waraqah bin Naufal who deduced from this incident that Muhammad (peace be upon him) was visited by the very angel [7] who had previously visited the past Messengers (peace be upon them all). Thereafter revelation had come to a pause. This pause or interval between revelations is known as fatratul wahi.
The following hadith explains this event in more detail:
Narrated by 'Aisha: (the mother of the faithful believers) The commencement of the Divine Inspiration to Allah's Apostle was in the form of good dreams which came true like bright day light, and then the love of seclusion was bestowed upon him. He used to go in seclusion in the cave of Hira where he used to worship (Allah alone) continuously for many days before his desire to see his family. He used to take with him the journey food for the stay and then come back to (his wife) Khadija to take his food like-wise again till suddenly the Truth descended upon him while he was in the cave of Hira. The angel came to him and asked him to read. The Prophet replied, "Maa ana bi Qari”. The Prophet added, "The angel caught me (forcefully) and pressed me so hard that I could not bear it any more. He then released me and again asked me to read and I replied, Maa ana bi Qari.' Thereupon he caught me again and pressed me a second time till I could not bear it any more. He then released me and again asked me to read but again I replied, ‘Maa ana bi Qari' Thereupon he caught me for the third time and pressed me, and then released me and said, 'Read in the name of your Lord, who has created (all that exists) has created man from a clot. Read! And your Lord is the Most Generous." Then Allah's Apostle returned with the Inspiration and with his heart beating severely. Then he went to Khadija bint Khuwailid and said, "Cover me! Cover me!" They covered him till his fear was over and after that he told her everything that had happened and said, "I fear that something may happen to me." Khadija replied, "Never! By Allah, Allah will never disgrace you. You keep good relations with your Kith and kin, help the poor and the destitute, serve your guests generously and assist the deserving calamity-afflicted ones." Khadija then accompanied him to her cousin Waraqa bin Naufal bin Asad bin 'Abdul 'Uzza, who, during the Pre-Islamic Period became a Christian and used to write with Hebrew letters. He would write from the Gospel in Hebrew as much as Allah wished him to write. He was an old man and had lost his eyesight. Khadija said to Waraqa, "Listen to the story of your nephew, O my cousin!" Waraqa asked, "O my nephew! What have you seen?" Allah's Apostle described whatever he had seen. Waraqa said, "This is the same one who keeps the secrets (angel Gabriel) whom Allah had sent to Moses. I wish I were young and could live up to the time when your people would turn you out." Allah's Apostle asked, "Will they drive me out?" Waraqa replied in the affirmative and said, "Anyone (man) who came with something similar to what you have brought was treated with hostility; and if I should remain alive till the day when you will be turned out then I would support you strongly." But after a few days Waraqa died and the Divine Inspiration was also paused for a while. Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah Al-Ansari while talking about the period of pause in revelation reporting the speech of the Prophet "While I was walking, all of a sudden I heard a voice from the sky. I looked up and saw the same angel who had visited me at the cave of Hira' sitting on a chair between the sky and the earth. I got afraid of him and came back home and said, 'Wrap me (in blankets).' And then Allah revealed the following Holy Verses (of Quran): 'O you (i.e. Muhammad)! wrapped up in garments!' Arise and warn (the people against Allah's Punishment),... up to 'and desert the idols.' (74.1-5) After this the revelation started coming strongly, frequently and regularly." [8]
The above hadith explains that Rasoolullah’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) first type of inspiration came in the form of true dreams. It also makes mention of the pause in revelation. The majority of historians are of the opinion that the gap between the revelation of Surah Alaq and the opening verses of Surah Mudathir was around 3 years. [9]
This is believed to be the longest gap between revelations. It was only when the opening verses of Surah Mudathir were revealed that Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) began to preach Islam publicly.
Describing his experience at the time of revelation, Sayyidah Ayeshah (radhiyallahu anha) narrates;
“Al-Harith bin Hisham asked Allah's Apostle "O Allah's Apostle! How is the Divine Inspiration revealed to you?" Allah's Apostle replied, "Sometimes it is (revealed) like the ringing of a bell, this form of Inspiration is the hardest of all and then this state passes off after I have grasped what is inspired. Sometimes the Angel comes in the form of a man and talks to me and I grasp whatever he says." 'Aisha added: Verily I saw the Prophet being inspired Divinely on a very cold day and noticed the sweat dropping from his forehead (as the Inspiration was over). [10]
[1] Surah Shoora V.51
[2] Surah Saaffaat,V.102- Prophet Ebrahim (alayhis salaam) who received his command to sacrifice via a dream
[3] Surah Taahaa V.11-14- Prophet Moosa (alayhis salaam) hears the voice of Allah Ta Aala but doesn’t see Him.
[4] Surah Baqarah,V.30
[5] Tabrani, Bayhaqi, Baghawi,Asbahani, Ibn Jareer Tabri, Ibn Khuzaymah, Ibn Katheer (from various chains)
[6] Surah Alaq
[7] Jibreel (alayhis salaam)
[8] Sahih Bukhari, Book of Revelation, Hadith no.3
[9] Fathul Baari by Allaamah ibn Hajr Asqalani (rahimahollah)
[10] Sahih Bukhari, Book of Revelation, Hadith no.2
Shaykh Faheem
Media & Education Depts.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
TOPICS IN THE QUR’AN-PART-9
THE CREATION OF MAN
Section 6: A REPLY TO AN ATHEIST OBJECTION
As humankind celebrates the many marvels and advances in what is hailed as the most technologically advanced era, religions and their leaders are quizzed with questions from the skeptics as well as those who are weak in faith regarding the concept of God. With so much of information and misinformation available at the click of a button, the unsuspecting mind of the youth is at logger-heads with the two paths laid before them. The path of religion and the path of Atheism (the doctrine or belief that there is no God)
Initially Iblees (Satan) began to teach people idolatry which led to Sayyidona Nooh (alayhis salaam) being sent to humankind by Allah Ta aala. Since then, Iblees has been leading men to their destruction by making them pray to false gods. In recent times though, his game-plan has somewhat drifted. Since there are already millions who are polytheists, he has found a different way to collapse the belief in true Divinity by means of the “Big Bang Theory”, “Theory of Evolution”, “The God Delusion”, etc.
This has been the master plan of Satan in recent times. He has dedicated his efforts in collapsing the concept of the existence of God via the use of analogical comparison. (See previous articles for the history on analogical comparison) The use of logic seems to be the main focus in society today. If a religious concept is illogical, then our children are taught to refute it. The Qur’an has explained the consequences of drawing to a conclusion when it results in the disobedience to Allah Azza wa Jal and His Messengers (peace be upon them all)
Among the many objections raised by Evolutionists, Humanists and Naturalists, the one objection which they seem hell-bent on introducing into schools of late is as follows:
Objection: “If God did create Adam & Eve ( Hazrath Aadam and Hawa alayhimas salaam), they would have both belonged to a specific ethnic group. This means that their DNA would have been passed down to their progeny. If this is so, how does the world now consist of so many different ethnic groups and races? Even if Adam was of one, and Eve of another, there would be a maximum of three ethnic groups. One for Adam, one for Eve , and one possible new gene due to the mixing of Adam and Eve (if they were of two different ethnic groups) Aside from that, there is no logical explanation as to how humankind flourished into so many different ethnic groups. This could only have occurred by means of evolution and natural selection. Religion cannot explain this up to this day.”
Reply:
Once again we find that the need for logic is paramount to any of their discussions as the use of analogical comparison forms the premise of their theories. I must remind all reading this article of the definition of faith.
Faith: “Belief that is not based on proof”
With that in mind, let us now turn to the Holy Qur’an for guidance in the above mentioned matter. Allah Ta aala clearly explains to us in many verses of the Qur’an that Aadam (alayhis salaam) was created uniquely without human intervention. Since the Atheist premise is based mainly upon logic followed by theoretical information, I will present the Islamic perspective from the Holy Qur’an followed by a logical conclusion from the combined verses. Allah Ta Aala has used different words to depict the various stages in the creation of man (Aadam alayhis salaam)
Verse 1:
“Verily, the likeness of Isa (Jesus) before Allah is the likeness of Aadam. He created him from DUST, then (He) said to him; “Be! And he was.” (Surah Aali Imraan, V.59)
This verse obviously clarifies that Jesus (peace be upon him) is not the son of God, but is His Messenger. An indication to the creation of Aadam (peace be upon him) is mentioned. He was created from dust.
Verse 2:
“And indeed We created man (Adam) out of an extract of clay (water and earth)” (Surah Mu’minoon,V.12)
This verse is also very clear. It explains that man was created from clay.
Verse 3:
“Said he (Satan): “I am better than him. You created me of fire and made him of clay.” (Surah A’raaf,V.12)
When Satan refused to bow in honor of Aadam (peace be upon him), his objection was based upon the material used to create Aadam (peace be upon him), i.e. clay.
Verse 4:
“Surely, We have created them from a cohesive black clay.” (Surah Saffaat,V.11)
In this verse the color and characteristic of this specific clay is mentioned. The author of Tafseer Roohul Bayaan mentions that the origin of the human being is found in this sticking clay which explains the clinging nature of a human being. He will either cling to this world, his religion, to the devil, or to the blessed feet of the Beloveds of Allah.
Verse 5:
“And indeed, We created man from sounding clay of altered black smooth mud.” (Surah Hijr,V.26)
Once again the description becomes clearer and another characteristic is mentioned.
Verse 6:
“He created man (Adam) from sounding clay like the potter's clay.” (Surah Rahmaan,V.14)
This verse explains in more detail the type of clay which was used in the creation of man, in this case Prophet Aadam (peace be upon him)
The above mentioned verses depict the various stages in the creation of man. For His creation, Allah Ta aala took various types of sand and kneaded it with all types of water which was then left to dry. After it dried and began to crack, Allah Azza wa Jal bequeath the soul in him. Let us now look at the definitions of each ingredient mentioned in the creation of Prophet Aadam (peace be upon him) which are coherent to the discussion. (Definitions provided by dictionary.com)
Clay:
1. A natural earthly material that is plastic when wet, consisting essentially of hydrated silicates of aluminum: used in pottery, etc.
2. Earth , mud
3. Earth, especially regarded as the material from which the human body was formed
Sand:
1. The more or less fine debris of rocks, consisting of small loose grains, often of quartz.
2. A light reddish or brownish-yellow color.
Dust:
1. Earth or other matter in fine, dry particles.
2. The ground, the earth’s surface
Allah Ta aala explains that He has created us from dust, sand, clay, and water. A simple study into each of the above reveals that there are various types and colors of sand, clay, and dust, etc. From an Islamic perspective, the reason for having so many different ethnic groups is very easy to grasp. Prophet Aadam alayhis salaam was created from the combination of these elements. Each of the above mentioned elements are of different types and differ in coloration as well. Ethnicity is based on color. The ethnic groups of the world are divided into five major colors which are Black, White, Brown, Red and Yellow. It is by no means a coincidence that these are the same five colors which are found in sand as well. If a person has to adopt the Qur’anic perspective in relation to this matter, it will be very easy to grasp as humankind took the color of the element they were created from.
The claim that humankind was created from all of the above isn’t resided only to Islamic belief, but has been theorized in the world of science as well.
Alexander Graham Cairns-Smith, an organic chemist and molecular biologist at the University of Glasgow, most famous for his controversial 1985 book, Seven Clues to the Origin of Life. The book popularized a theory he had developed since the mid-1960s that a simple intermediate step between biologically inert matter and organic life might be provided by the self-replication of clay crystals in solution. His theory is more famously known as the “clay theory”. Basically the professor theorized that mankind could have been created from the coming together of clay particles. This comes as no surprise to Muslims as we have been told in the Qur’an that Humankind has been created from clay.
The surprising factor is that very few have heard about this clay theory. When asked as to why it hasn’t been popularized (as it is a more recent theory), they reply by explaining that the clay theory has not yet been perfected. Of course we know that it will never be perfected as it is Allah Ta aala who is the Master of creation. Why is it that the media hasn’t made this theory famous yet? Or does it come down to careful planning? I leave that decision to your discretion.
We ask Allah Ta aala to protect us from the deception of the devil and to strengthen our Imaan.
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
Initially Iblees (Satan) began to teach people idolatry which led to Sayyidona Nooh (alayhis salaam) being sent to humankind by Allah Ta aala. Since then, Iblees has been leading men to their destruction by making them pray to false gods. In recent times though, his game-plan has somewhat drifted. Since there are already millions who are polytheists, he has found a different way to collapse the belief in true Divinity by means of the “Big Bang Theory”, “Theory of Evolution”, “The God Delusion”, etc.
This has been the master plan of Satan in recent times. He has dedicated his efforts in collapsing the concept of the existence of God via the use of analogical comparison. (See previous articles for the history on analogical comparison) The use of logic seems to be the main focus in society today. If a religious concept is illogical, then our children are taught to refute it. The Qur’an has explained the consequences of drawing to a conclusion when it results in the disobedience to Allah Azza wa Jal and His Messengers (peace be upon them all)
Among the many objections raised by Evolutionists, Humanists and Naturalists, the one objection which they seem hell-bent on introducing into schools of late is as follows:
Objection: “If God did create Adam & Eve ( Hazrath Aadam and Hawa alayhimas salaam), they would have both belonged to a specific ethnic group. This means that their DNA would have been passed down to their progeny. If this is so, how does the world now consist of so many different ethnic groups and races? Even if Adam was of one, and Eve of another, there would be a maximum of three ethnic groups. One for Adam, one for Eve , and one possible new gene due to the mixing of Adam and Eve (if they were of two different ethnic groups) Aside from that, there is no logical explanation as to how humankind flourished into so many different ethnic groups. This could only have occurred by means of evolution and natural selection. Religion cannot explain this up to this day.”
Reply:
Once again we find that the need for logic is paramount to any of their discussions as the use of analogical comparison forms the premise of their theories. I must remind all reading this article of the definition of faith.
Faith: “Belief that is not based on proof”
With that in mind, let us now turn to the Holy Qur’an for guidance in the above mentioned matter. Allah Ta aala clearly explains to us in many verses of the Qur’an that Aadam (alayhis salaam) was created uniquely without human intervention. Since the Atheist premise is based mainly upon logic followed by theoretical information, I will present the Islamic perspective from the Holy Qur’an followed by a logical conclusion from the combined verses. Allah Ta Aala has used different words to depict the various stages in the creation of man (Aadam alayhis salaam)
Verse 1:
“Verily, the likeness of Isa (Jesus) before Allah is the likeness of Aadam. He created him from DUST, then (He) said to him; “Be! And he was.” (Surah Aali Imraan, V.59)
This verse obviously clarifies that Jesus (peace be upon him) is not the son of God, but is His Messenger. An indication to the creation of Aadam (peace be upon him) is mentioned. He was created from dust.
Verse 2:
“And indeed We created man (Adam) out of an extract of clay (water and earth)” (Surah Mu’minoon,V.12)
This verse is also very clear. It explains that man was created from clay.
Verse 3:
“Said he (Satan): “I am better than him. You created me of fire and made him of clay.” (Surah A’raaf,V.12)
When Satan refused to bow in honor of Aadam (peace be upon him), his objection was based upon the material used to create Aadam (peace be upon him), i.e. clay.
Verse 4:
“Surely, We have created them from a cohesive black clay.” (Surah Saffaat,V.11)
In this verse the color and characteristic of this specific clay is mentioned. The author of Tafseer Roohul Bayaan mentions that the origin of the human being is found in this sticking clay which explains the clinging nature of a human being. He will either cling to this world, his religion, to the devil, or to the blessed feet of the Beloveds of Allah.
Verse 5:
“And indeed, We created man from sounding clay of altered black smooth mud.” (Surah Hijr,V.26)
Once again the description becomes clearer and another characteristic is mentioned.
Verse 6:
“He created man (Adam) from sounding clay like the potter's clay.” (Surah Rahmaan,V.14)
This verse explains in more detail the type of clay which was used in the creation of man, in this case Prophet Aadam (peace be upon him)
The above mentioned verses depict the various stages in the creation of man. For His creation, Allah Ta aala took various types of sand and kneaded it with all types of water which was then left to dry. After it dried and began to crack, Allah Azza wa Jal bequeath the soul in him. Let us now look at the definitions of each ingredient mentioned in the creation of Prophet Aadam (peace be upon him) which are coherent to the discussion. (Definitions provided by dictionary.com)
Clay:
1. A natural earthly material that is plastic when wet, consisting essentially of hydrated silicates of aluminum: used in pottery, etc.
2. Earth , mud
3. Earth, especially regarded as the material from which the human body was formed
Sand:
1. The more or less fine debris of rocks, consisting of small loose grains, often of quartz.
2. A light reddish or brownish-yellow color.
Dust:
1. Earth or other matter in fine, dry particles.
2. The ground, the earth’s surface
Allah Ta aala explains that He has created us from dust, sand, clay, and water. A simple study into each of the above reveals that there are various types and colors of sand, clay, and dust, etc. From an Islamic perspective, the reason for having so many different ethnic groups is very easy to grasp. Prophet Aadam alayhis salaam was created from the combination of these elements. Each of the above mentioned elements are of different types and differ in coloration as well. Ethnicity is based on color. The ethnic groups of the world are divided into five major colors which are Black, White, Brown, Red and Yellow. It is by no means a coincidence that these are the same five colors which are found in sand as well. If a person has to adopt the Qur’anic perspective in relation to this matter, it will be very easy to grasp as humankind took the color of the element they were created from.
The claim that humankind was created from all of the above isn’t resided only to Islamic belief, but has been theorized in the world of science as well.
Alexander Graham Cairns-Smith, an organic chemist and molecular biologist at the University of Glasgow, most famous for his controversial 1985 book, Seven Clues to the Origin of Life. The book popularized a theory he had developed since the mid-1960s that a simple intermediate step between biologically inert matter and organic life might be provided by the self-replication of clay crystals in solution. His theory is more famously known as the “clay theory”. Basically the professor theorized that mankind could have been created from the coming together of clay particles. This comes as no surprise to Muslims as we have been told in the Qur’an that Humankind has been created from clay.
The surprising factor is that very few have heard about this clay theory. When asked as to why it hasn’t been popularized (as it is a more recent theory), they reply by explaining that the clay theory has not yet been perfected. Of course we know that it will never be perfected as it is Allah Ta aala who is the Master of creation. Why is it that the media hasn’t made this theory famous yet? Or does it come down to careful planning? I leave that decision to your discretion.
We ask Allah Ta aala to protect us from the deception of the devil and to strengthen our Imaan.
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
TOPICS IN THE QUR’AN-PART-8
THE PROPHETS OF ALLAH
THE STORY OF the PROPHET AADAM (alayhis salaam)
Section 4 – Satan, the Rejected
“He said, 'Go! And as for any who follow you, your repayment is Hell, repayment in full! Stir up any of them you can with your voice and rally against them your cavalry and your infantry and share with them in their children and their wealth and make them promises! The promise of Satan is nothing but delusion.” (Surah Al-Isra', V.63-64)
In the previous editions, we have briefly discussed the role of Satan in the story of Prophet Aadam (alayhis salaam) and his promise to misguide the believers. To read up on the previous editions of “Topics in the Qur’an, kindly log on to www.islamiclifestylesolutions.co.za and click on the link titled “Articles”.
Satan was once a pious worshipper of Allah Ta Aala. He was bestowed with the with the title of “Mu’allimul Malakoot” (Teacher of the Angels) but after earning the anger of Allah Almighty, he was stripped from his rank, and banished from the heavens. How could someone who had achieved so much in the sight of Allah Ta Aala lose all which he accumulated by a single action of disobedience? Surely Allah the Most Just would not overlook all of one’s good deeds just because of one evil action? Let us analyze the above verses and understand the reason for the wrath of Allah in this particular incident.
Satan’s rejection was not only to last for that day and was not confined only to the gathering of the angels, but for the future as well. From the entire incident and conversation between Allah Ta Aala and Iblees, we come to realize that Satan was the first to use analogical comparison. This led to his disobedience to the command of Allah Ta Aala, but the aspect of the reaction Satan received from Allah Almighty was mainly because of his insults toward a Messenger of Allah! The wrath of Allah Ta Aala was due to his enmity against Prophet Aadam (alayhis salaam). This proves that the enmity of the Prophets is greater than every form of infidelity. In the sight of Allah Ta Aala, this act of disobedience superseded all the worship Satan had accumulated.
Unfortunately , we find that people today spend their excess time in trying to find faults in the perfect character of the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him). If Allah Ta Aala overlooked all the good actions of Satan due to his enmity with Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam) , how angered will He then become when someone who recites the kalimah brought to them by the Beloved Prophet (peace be upon him ), yet still are in search of pointing out what they believe to be flaws in his character. Muslims all over the world should take note of this historic event and pray to Allah Ta Aala for protection from committing such a heinous crime.
Section 5 – Analogical Comparison and its consequences.
“He said, 'Get out of it, reviled and driven out. As for those of them who follow you, I will fill up Hell with every one of you.'(Surah Al-A'raaf,V. 18)
The above verse acts as proof in Islamic History for the consequences analogical comparison when the conclusion leads to disobeying the command of Allah Azza Wa Jal. It also makes mention of the consequences which will be faced by those who follow Satan and his philosophy. In recent years, the use of logic has been marketed well by atheists who refute the concept of God by way of analogical comparison. Their premise is based on the use of sensory perception together with the “Theory of Evolution”. They argue that if a person cannot see, hear, touch, smell, or taste something, then it does not exist (God). Their argument can be thrown right back at them against their own theory. If the five sense act as a distinction between reality and falsehood, then the same theory can be applied to prove that evolution is only a theory. Did they “see, hear, touch, smell, or taste” the process of evolution??? If not…then Evolution is but a theory and cannot be established as a given concept to refute God. On the other hand, the Qur’an has an explanation for the likelihood between Humankind and monkeys.
“And, undoubtedly you know among you who rebelled in the matter concerning the Sabbath (Saturday). So We said to them: Be you apes, despised”. (Surah Baqarah V.65) .The inhabitants of Aila, a place situated on the shores of the Red Sea between Madinah and Syria during the era of Prophet Dawood (peace be upon him). The Israelites were prohibited from indulging in all types of hunting on a Saturday. They disobeyed this command by cunningly digging openings on the shores in an effort to trap fish which they would take out on a Sunday. This practice of theirs continued for 70 years until Allah Ta Aala punished them by turning them into apes. If science claims that they have found evidence suggesting that Humankind has evolved from apes, then above verse explains the reason for this, and that even this so-called evolutionary process was indeed a punishment from Him…Allah, the All-Powerful and was mentioned in the desserts of Arabia by none other thatn the Final Messenger, Muhammad (peace be upon him)
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutons
In the previous editions, we have briefly discussed the role of Satan in the story of Prophet Aadam (alayhis salaam) and his promise to misguide the believers. To read up on the previous editions of “Topics in the Qur’an, kindly log on to www.islamiclifestylesolutions.co.za and click on the link titled “Articles”.
Satan was once a pious worshipper of Allah Ta Aala. He was bestowed with the with the title of “Mu’allimul Malakoot” (Teacher of the Angels) but after earning the anger of Allah Almighty, he was stripped from his rank, and banished from the heavens. How could someone who had achieved so much in the sight of Allah Ta Aala lose all which he accumulated by a single action of disobedience? Surely Allah the Most Just would not overlook all of one’s good deeds just because of one evil action? Let us analyze the above verses and understand the reason for the wrath of Allah in this particular incident.
Satan’s rejection was not only to last for that day and was not confined only to the gathering of the angels, but for the future as well. From the entire incident and conversation between Allah Ta Aala and Iblees, we come to realize that Satan was the first to use analogical comparison. This led to his disobedience to the command of Allah Ta Aala, but the aspect of the reaction Satan received from Allah Almighty was mainly because of his insults toward a Messenger of Allah! The wrath of Allah Ta Aala was due to his enmity against Prophet Aadam (alayhis salaam). This proves that the enmity of the Prophets is greater than every form of infidelity. In the sight of Allah Ta Aala, this act of disobedience superseded all the worship Satan had accumulated.
Unfortunately , we find that people today spend their excess time in trying to find faults in the perfect character of the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him). If Allah Ta Aala overlooked all the good actions of Satan due to his enmity with Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam) , how angered will He then become when someone who recites the kalimah brought to them by the Beloved Prophet (peace be upon him ), yet still are in search of pointing out what they believe to be flaws in his character. Muslims all over the world should take note of this historic event and pray to Allah Ta Aala for protection from committing such a heinous crime.
Section 5 – Analogical Comparison and its consequences.
“He said, 'Get out of it, reviled and driven out. As for those of them who follow you, I will fill up Hell with every one of you.'(Surah Al-A'raaf,V. 18)
The above verse acts as proof in Islamic History for the consequences analogical comparison when the conclusion leads to disobeying the command of Allah Azza Wa Jal. It also makes mention of the consequences which will be faced by those who follow Satan and his philosophy. In recent years, the use of logic has been marketed well by atheists who refute the concept of God by way of analogical comparison. Their premise is based on the use of sensory perception together with the “Theory of Evolution”. They argue that if a person cannot see, hear, touch, smell, or taste something, then it does not exist (God). Their argument can be thrown right back at them against their own theory. If the five sense act as a distinction between reality and falsehood, then the same theory can be applied to prove that evolution is only a theory. Did they “see, hear, touch, smell, or taste” the process of evolution??? If not…then Evolution is but a theory and cannot be established as a given concept to refute God. On the other hand, the Qur’an has an explanation for the likelihood between Humankind and monkeys.
“And, undoubtedly you know among you who rebelled in the matter concerning the Sabbath (Saturday). So We said to them: Be you apes, despised”. (Surah Baqarah V.65) .The inhabitants of Aila, a place situated on the shores of the Red Sea between Madinah and Syria during the era of Prophet Dawood (peace be upon him). The Israelites were prohibited from indulging in all types of hunting on a Saturday. They disobeyed this command by cunningly digging openings on the shores in an effort to trap fish which they would take out on a Sunday. This practice of theirs continued for 70 years until Allah Ta Aala punished them by turning them into apes. If science claims that they have found evidence suggesting that Humankind has evolved from apes, then above verse explains the reason for this, and that even this so-called evolutionary process was indeed a punishment from Him…Allah, the All-Powerful and was mentioned in the desserts of Arabia by none other thatn the Final Messenger, Muhammad (peace be upon him)
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutons
Kheer Puri Niaz
Sayyidunna Imaam Jafar Saadiq (Radhiyallahu Anhu) is one of the great Imaams of the Ahle Bait (Radhiyallahu Anhum) and his Urs Shareef is a means of great blessings and benedictions. We humbly exhort Muslims to commemorate his blessed Urs Shareef and acquire his spiritual guidance.
Generally Muslims who hail from the Indo-Pak subcontinent and reside in South Africa refer to Imaam Jafar Saadiq’s (Radhiyallahu Anhu) Urs Shareef as Kheer Puri Niaz because Kheer and Puri is prepared as Niaz in it. The masses therefore refer to his Urs Shareef by this term. Muslims certainly understand that it is not necessary for only Kheer and Puri to be made as Niaz, any Halaal food object can be made.
The booklet in question (Kheer Puree Niaz Hadrat Imaam Jaffar Saadiq, published by Kutub Khana Ishayat-ul-Islam) is publicly available at most Islamic bookshops in our country. I have read it and the narrative therein and based on my knowledge, I find it inaccurate as per the Usool (principles) and rulings of the illustrious Ulema of the Ahle Sunnat wa Jamaat. The booklet has no reference from any authentic, reliable and trusted work of our Ulema and Imaams. The original Urdu wording of the booklet does not adhere to the rulings of the Ulema and Asfiya (saints) of the Ahle Sunnat wa Jamaat. The following are some of the inaccuracies found within:
1. The booklet begins its story with reference to an unknown and unnamed source. (pg. 2)
2. It uses the term Alaihis Salaam for Imaam Jafar Saadiq (Radhiyallahu Anhu) which is not the practice of the majority of Sunni scholars. (pg. 6, 8, 10 etc.) In fact it goes to the extent of using Alaihis Salaatu was Salaam for him which is even more disliked. (pg. 18)
3. The booklet uses the term Khairul Anaam (the best of creation) for Imaam Jafar Saadiq t whereas this is a unique quality of our Holy Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam) (pg. 16) This also is not the practice of Sunni scholars, in fact it is a severe offence against the distinctiveness of Rasoolullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam).
4. The booklet says that if one doubts this Niaz he will be a sinner. (pg. 34) This is an incorrect statement because a person is only sinful when acting against something authentically transmitted by the Shariah. We the Ahle Sunnat wa Jamaat do not reject making Imaam Jafar’s (Radhiyallahu Anhu) Niaz and Urs Shareef of the pious elders, in fact it is our Imaan and recognition that we do. However we do refute incorrect narratives ascribed to them. Allama Sadrush Shariah Mufti Amjad Ali (Radhiyallahu Anhu) states, “Likewise in the month of Rajab, Koondas (bowls) of Puris are filled and Fatiha made on them for the Isaale Thawaab of Imaam Jafar Saadiq (Radhiyallahu Anhu). This is also permissible but the restriction that some have placed that it is only to be eaten there (i.e. where the Fatiha is made) is an absurd restriction. There is a book titled, “Daastaan-e-Ajeeb” related to these Koondas and some people recite it on this occasion. Whatever is written in it has no authenticity, it should not be read. Fatiha should be made and the Thawaab conveyed.” (Bahare Shariah, Vol. 16, pg. 244)
5. To my knowledge no senior, reputed Sunni scholar has authenticated this booklet therefore it is my humble opinion based on the above that there is credible doubt regarding its authenticity even though I would like to have found even a weak certification of a reputed Sunni scholar to support its recital. If there is proof of its authenticity according to the principles of the Ahle Sunnat wa Jamaat, then in the words of the Holy Quraan,
Say, “Bring forth your manifest evidence if you are truthful.” (Surah Baqarah, verse 111)
When Niaz of Meelad Shareef related to the most Beloved of Allah Ta Aala is distributed and not confined in homes, why should we not allow others to partake in the Niaz of this great Imaam (Radhiyallahu Anhu) also? By sharing this Niaz and distributing it out of our homes, we acquire even greater blessings of Imaam Jafar Saadiq (Radhiyallahu Anhu). Alhamdulillah, the intention of Muslims when making this Niaz is to attain Thawaab and blessings and once when the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam) was asked which is the best of actions he answered, “Feeding of food.” (Bukhari Shareef)
By ascribing incoherent narratives which instruct unreasonable actions to this Urs Shareef and Niaz is not the conduct of true lovers of the Ahle Bait (Radhiyallahu Anhum). Imaam Jafar’s (Radhiyallahu Anhu) title is Saadiq (the truthful), we must be careful as to what is ascribed to his blessed Urs Shareef. The Holy Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam) has mentioned in a Hadeeth, “He who consciously ascribes lies to me should make the hell fire his abode.” (Muslim Shareef) Shouldn’t care also be taken in assigning narratives to the Auliya (Radhiyallahu Anhum) as well? Indeed the Auliya are the Mazhar (reflection) of Rasoolullah’s r magnificence.
Mufti Khalil Khan Barkaati (Radhiyallahu Anhu) states, “During the month of Rajab, Kheer and Puri is prepared and filled into Koondas (small clay bowls) for the Isaale Thawaab of Imaam Jafar Saadiq (Radhiyallahu Anhu). Fatiha is made on it and fed to people. This is permissible. There is a practice that has been very wrongfully ascribed to this Fatiha. This practice is to eat the Kheer and Puri only where the Koondas are prepared. This is an unjust, Ghair Sharee and ignorant practice. A book called “Ajeeb Daastaan” is read. There is no truth to this book; neither should it be read nor listened to. Fatiha and Isaale Thawaab should be made and indeed the miracle by pious servants of Allah Ta Aala is Haqq (established).” (Sunni Bahishti Zewar, part 3, pg. 318)
Mufti Waqaarudeen (Radhiyallahu Anhu) states, “Just as how every Fatiha is permissible according to the Ahle Sunnat wa Jamaat, likewise the Fatiha of Koonda Shareef is also permissible. The narrative of the woodcutter is a fabrication. We have been taught to have Adab for food items. A Hadeeth states, “If food falls on the Dastarkhaan, pick it up and eat it.” The Holy Quraan is recited on the food of Fatiha, hence Muslims respect it more. This is why people have stipulated that it (the Niaz) should be eaten only where the Fatiha is made and not taken out. This condition has no relation to the Shariah. It can be eaten there as well as taken out.” (Waqaarul Fataawa, Vol. 1, pg. 202)
The 22nd of Rajab is referred in the booklet as the day to make the Fatiha of Imaam Jafar Saadiq (Radhiyallahu Anhu). There is nothing wrong if Imaam Jafar’s (Radhiyallahu Anhu) Fatiha is made on the 22nd of Rajab. We the Ahle Sunnat wa Jamaat believe that Isaale Thawaab can be made on any day and there is no restriction of date for this desirable action. However the Ulema of the Ahle Sunnat wa Jamaat have ruled that it is better to make the Fatiha of Imaam Jafar Saadiq (Radhiyallahu Anhu) on the 15th of Rajab because the 22nd is the date of Hazrat Ameer Muaawiya’s (Radhiyallahu Anhu) Wisaal (demise) and non-Sunni sects who have enmity and malice for Ameer Muaawiya (Radhiyallahu Anhu) rejoice his death on this date. Hence to not have similitude with them, our Sunni Ulema have advised that Imaam Jafar’s (Radhiyallahu Anhu) Niaz be made on the 15th as it is his date of Wisaal as per narration also. Hazrat Allama Mufti Jalaaludeen Amjadi (Radhiyallahu Anhu) has certified a Fatwa advising this. (Fataawa Faqih-e-Millat, Vol. 2, Baabul Hazr wal Ibaaha)
Verily we are beggars at the doors of the Ahle Bait and Sahaaba y. May Allah Y grant us the ability to observe that which does not malign them, Ameen.
Mufti Omar Dawood
Ifta Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
TOPICS IN THE QUR’AN-PART-7
THE PROPHETS OF ALLAH
THE STORY OF the PROPHET AADAM (alayhis salaam)
Section 3 - Satan’s oath to mislead Humankind
He (Satan) said, 'By Your misguidance of me, I will lie in ambush for them on your straight path. Then I will come at them, from in front of them and behind them, from their right and from their left. You will not find most of them thankful.'
(Surah Al-A'raf, V.16-17)
After disobeying Allah Ta Aala by not prostrating (to Hazrath Aadam alayhis salaam, which was covered in the last article) , Satan clearly announced his master plan, and openly displayed his enmity with humankind. The show of false piety is such a disgraceful act than even Satan himself chose to be open about his belief. This is why the hypocrites will be punished by being placed in the worst stage of Hell.
The above mentioned verse tells us the cunning methodology adopted by Satan in order to ensnare unsuspecting victims. His lying in ambush gives us a perfect idea of his tactical approach to misguide mankind. We see this to be a very successful method of capturing prey in the animal kingdom. A predator which lies in wait for its victim does so by either total camouflage, or by drawing its victim with an attractive lure that ultimately leads to its destruction. Satan uses the same approach. Being amongst the jinn, gives Satan the advantage of stealth. All he has to do now , is to utilize our love for this mundane world as his lure. A master plan which has been set in place ages ago. One would expect the prey (us humans) to have evolved some sort of defense mechanism by now but alas, that is not the case. Our love affair with this world is our weak point and it is what he preys upon. He uses this love (of the dunya) as a means to our own end by tempting the NAFS (Carnal self).
If we analyze our day from start to finish, we will find that everything we do is motivated by our need to be progressive in this world. We will wake up early because we cannot afford to be late for work as our bosses will not tolerate late coming. In fear of losing our jobs, we will be punctual. Yet we earn the wrath of Allah Ta Aala on a daily basis by not reading our fajr prayer. This is the perfect example of how we have chosen the world over the pleasure of our creator. In this manner, if we cross examine our lifestyle, we will find that the scale is being tipped heavily in disobedience to Allah Ta Aala. If our everyday is managed in this manner, how can we expect to acquire the pleasure of Allah azza wa jal? Satan has made his oath. It is time that we made our own. An oath to obey the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him). After all, it is only through the following of his footsteps will we gain the pleasure of Allah Ta Aala. May Allah azza wa jal give us all the strength to fight the evil whispers of Satan.
Section 4 - The Devil’s Deception
He (Satan) said, 'My Lord, because You misled me, I will deceive them in the earth and I will mislead them all, except Your servants among them who are sincere.' He said, 'This is a Straight Path to Me.
(Surah Al-Hijr, V.39-41)
'But as for My servants, you will not have any authority over them.' Your Lord suffices as a guardian.
(Surah Al-Isra',V.65)
'You have no authority over any of My servants except for the misled who follow you.' Hell is the promised meeting-place for all of them.
(Surah Al-Hijr, V.42-43)
Again we see the enmity and hatred Satan has for mankind. Due to his expulsion from the Heavens, he aims to take revenge on the children of Hazrath Aadam (alayhis salaam) An interesting point which emerges from the first verse is an indication to another method implemented by Satan to misguide humankind. Deception! Everything that he does, might seem to benefit us, but in reality it will lead to our destruction. In another verse of the Qur’an we are warned clearly by Allah Ta Aala. “This may be so, that you dislike a thing which may be good for you. And perhaps you desire a thing which may be bad for you. And Allah knows (the actual truth) while you know not.”
(Surah Al-Baqarah V.216)
Satan makes things which are bad for us to seem good, and vice versa. How many times have we been in a situation where we totally understand the censorship of a specific act in the shariah, yet we try to find loopholes which will gain us access to that action? We find this to be prevalent in society today. A man will continue asking a question from religious leaders of different backgrounds until he finds the answer that he or she is searching for even though the shariah has ruled against it. This is due to fact that his “nafs” desires that particular object and due to his weakness in Imaan, gives in to his nafs. Do not be fooled by the deception of Satan . This world is but a test for us all. It is finite, whereas the bounties of your lord are infinite.
In the second and third of the above verses, we find that Satan will not be successful in misleading those who regard themselves to be the genuine servants of Allah Ta Aala. Satan’s web of deceit will not ensnare them. They will be able to decipher between right and wrong as they have placed their faith in Allah, and in turn they rely on him to be their protector. May Allah azza wa jal grant us the vision to see through the devils deception.
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
www.islamiclifestylesolutions.co.za
(Surah Al-A'raf, V.16-17)
After disobeying Allah Ta Aala by not prostrating (to Hazrath Aadam alayhis salaam, which was covered in the last article) , Satan clearly announced his master plan, and openly displayed his enmity with humankind. The show of false piety is such a disgraceful act than even Satan himself chose to be open about his belief. This is why the hypocrites will be punished by being placed in the worst stage of Hell.
The above mentioned verse tells us the cunning methodology adopted by Satan in order to ensnare unsuspecting victims. His lying in ambush gives us a perfect idea of his tactical approach to misguide mankind. We see this to be a very successful method of capturing prey in the animal kingdom. A predator which lies in wait for its victim does so by either total camouflage, or by drawing its victim with an attractive lure that ultimately leads to its destruction. Satan uses the same approach. Being amongst the jinn, gives Satan the advantage of stealth. All he has to do now , is to utilize our love for this mundane world as his lure. A master plan which has been set in place ages ago. One would expect the prey (us humans) to have evolved some sort of defense mechanism by now but alas, that is not the case. Our love affair with this world is our weak point and it is what he preys upon. He uses this love (of the dunya) as a means to our own end by tempting the NAFS (Carnal self).
If we analyze our day from start to finish, we will find that everything we do is motivated by our need to be progressive in this world. We will wake up early because we cannot afford to be late for work as our bosses will not tolerate late coming. In fear of losing our jobs, we will be punctual. Yet we earn the wrath of Allah Ta Aala on a daily basis by not reading our fajr prayer. This is the perfect example of how we have chosen the world over the pleasure of our creator. In this manner, if we cross examine our lifestyle, we will find that the scale is being tipped heavily in disobedience to Allah Ta Aala. If our everyday is managed in this manner, how can we expect to acquire the pleasure of Allah azza wa jal? Satan has made his oath. It is time that we made our own. An oath to obey the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him). After all, it is only through the following of his footsteps will we gain the pleasure of Allah Ta Aala. May Allah azza wa jal give us all the strength to fight the evil whispers of Satan.
Section 4 - The Devil’s Deception
He (Satan) said, 'My Lord, because You misled me, I will deceive them in the earth and I will mislead them all, except Your servants among them who are sincere.' He said, 'This is a Straight Path to Me.
(Surah Al-Hijr, V.39-41)
'But as for My servants, you will not have any authority over them.' Your Lord suffices as a guardian.
(Surah Al-Isra',V.65)
'You have no authority over any of My servants except for the misled who follow you.' Hell is the promised meeting-place for all of them.
(Surah Al-Hijr, V.42-43)
Again we see the enmity and hatred Satan has for mankind. Due to his expulsion from the Heavens, he aims to take revenge on the children of Hazrath Aadam (alayhis salaam) An interesting point which emerges from the first verse is an indication to another method implemented by Satan to misguide humankind. Deception! Everything that he does, might seem to benefit us, but in reality it will lead to our destruction. In another verse of the Qur’an we are warned clearly by Allah Ta Aala. “This may be so, that you dislike a thing which may be good for you. And perhaps you desire a thing which may be bad for you. And Allah knows (the actual truth) while you know not.”
(Surah Al-Baqarah V.216)
Satan makes things which are bad for us to seem good, and vice versa. How many times have we been in a situation where we totally understand the censorship of a specific act in the shariah, yet we try to find loopholes which will gain us access to that action? We find this to be prevalent in society today. A man will continue asking a question from religious leaders of different backgrounds until he finds the answer that he or she is searching for even though the shariah has ruled against it. This is due to fact that his “nafs” desires that particular object and due to his weakness in Imaan, gives in to his nafs. Do not be fooled by the deception of Satan . This world is but a test for us all. It is finite, whereas the bounties of your lord are infinite.
In the second and third of the above verses, we find that Satan will not be successful in misleading those who regard themselves to be the genuine servants of Allah Ta Aala. Satan’s web of deceit will not ensnare them. They will be able to decipher between right and wrong as they have placed their faith in Allah, and in turn they rely on him to be their protector. May Allah azza wa jal grant us the vision to see through the devils deception.
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
www.islamiclifestylesolutions.co.za
Excerpt from Post Newspaper on Ramadhaan by I.L.S. - July 27-31 Pg.11
Ramadhaan refers to the ninth month of the Islamic calendar and will last either 29 or 30 days pending the sighting of the moon. Whilst the solar calendar has fixed days, the lunar calendar shifts in date as per the appearance of the crescent moon. This causes the beginning of Ramadhaan to move approximately 11 days back each year. By this calculation, a Muslim would have fasted for every calendar day in approximately 34 years.
Ramadhaan is among the most auspicious of months for Muslims worldwide as it was during this month that the first verses of The Holy Qur’an were revealed to the Beloved Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) via the mediation of Arch Angel Gabriel (peace be upon him ) in the Cave of Hira which is situated a few miles from the Holy Ka’bah. Muslims are obligated to abstain from eating , drinking , and physical intimacy between sunrise till sunset.
Before sunrise, Muslims partake in a meal known as Sehri, which was the practice of the Noble Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
At sunset, the family will gather for the fast-breaking meal known as Iftar. The meal starts with the eating of a date just as the Beloved Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) used to do. Then it's time for the Maghrib prayer, which is the fourth of the five daily prayers, after which the main meal is served. In many homes, this is a simple meal of fruits and vegetables along with traditional Middle Eastern Cuisine.
One may ask what are the benefits of fasting? To name a few, Fasting inculcates patience, humility, and spirituality. It teaches Muslims to feel the pangs of hunger experienced by the poor and needy which in turn encourages them to become more charitable. Scientists have studied the Muslim method of fasting and its effects on the body and found that the intake of food increases the body’s metabolism. After fasting, metabolism can become as much as 22% lower than the normal rate. Research has also shown that after long periods of fasting, the body tends to adjust itself by lowering the rate of metabolism itself. After fasting, a person should gradually resume eating.
During the nights of Ramadhaan , muslims attend the night prayer known as Taraweeh. During this night prayer the Huffaaz (those who have committed the Qur’an to memory) will recite one and a quarter of the thirty chapters per night of the Holy Qur’an so that the entire Qur’an will be completed in every single mosque of the world.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions would like to wish all Muslims a Blessed Ramadhaan.
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
Ramadhaan is among the most auspicious of months for Muslims worldwide as it was during this month that the first verses of The Holy Qur’an were revealed to the Beloved Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) via the mediation of Arch Angel Gabriel (peace be upon him ) in the Cave of Hira which is situated a few miles from the Holy Ka’bah. Muslims are obligated to abstain from eating , drinking , and physical intimacy between sunrise till sunset.
Before sunrise, Muslims partake in a meal known as Sehri, which was the practice of the Noble Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
At sunset, the family will gather for the fast-breaking meal known as Iftar. The meal starts with the eating of a date just as the Beloved Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) used to do. Then it's time for the Maghrib prayer, which is the fourth of the five daily prayers, after which the main meal is served. In many homes, this is a simple meal of fruits and vegetables along with traditional Middle Eastern Cuisine.
One may ask what are the benefits of fasting? To name a few, Fasting inculcates patience, humility, and spirituality. It teaches Muslims to feel the pangs of hunger experienced by the poor and needy which in turn encourages them to become more charitable. Scientists have studied the Muslim method of fasting and its effects on the body and found that the intake of food increases the body’s metabolism. After fasting, metabolism can become as much as 22% lower than the normal rate. Research has also shown that after long periods of fasting, the body tends to adjust itself by lowering the rate of metabolism itself. After fasting, a person should gradually resume eating.
During the nights of Ramadhaan , muslims attend the night prayer known as Taraweeh. During this night prayer the Huffaaz (those who have committed the Qur’an to memory) will recite one and a quarter of the thirty chapters per night of the Holy Qur’an so that the entire Qur’an will be completed in every single mosque of the world.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions would like to wish all Muslims a Blessed Ramadhaan.
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
TOPICS IN THE QUR’AN-PART-6
THE PROPHETS OF ALLAH
THE STORY OF PROPHET AADAM (alayhis salaam) Section -2. The Obedience of Angels to Allah
After Allah Ta Aala created Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam), he presented him before the angels. The Qur’an explains the incident as follows :
“They said, 'Glory be to You! We have no knowledge except what You have taught us. You are the All-Knowing, the All-Wise.' He said, 'Adam, tell them their names.' When he had told them their names, He said, 'Did I not tell you that I know the Unseen of the heavens and the earth, and I know what you make known and what you hide?” (Surat al-Baqara, 32-33)
From the many prophetic traditions, it is agreed upon that the angles are beings created from light. They follow the command of Allah Ta Aala to the letter. Never a hindrance in their delegated task. Their obedience to Allah Ta Aala is unrivalled. The four main angels are :
1. Jibreel – Arch Angel who brought down the revelation to the Prophets
2. Israeel – Angel of Death
3. Meekaeel - responsible for weather as well as distribution of sustenance.
4. Israfeel – will blow the “soor” which will commence the end of days.
The angels did not question the will of Allah Ta Aala by making an objective statement with regards to the title of viceroy being bestowed upon Aadam (alayhis salam). They wanted to know the rank and splendor of Prophet Aadam (peace be upon him) who was being granted the title of “Viceroy” by the Master of all. Some people are of the opinion that the knowledge of Nabi Aadam was known to him only for a short while. Once he mentioned the names of these objects, this knowledge was imparted to the angels, and they were now on the same level of intellect as Prophet Aadam (alayhis salaam). This ideology brought about the belief that special knowledge isn’t bestowed upon the Ambiya (alayhis salaam) “Allah Forbid such insulting thoughts from entering our hearts and minds”
There is a huge difference between informing and teaching. A preacher or scholar informs his audience of many in-depth explanations from verses, parables, etc. The sharing of this information does not transform the members of the audience into scholars of the same intellect? Does it? Of course not!
Similarly, the angels were told the names of all the objects. They were not taught. Allah Ta Aala gave His Prophets (peace be upon them all) knowledge and wisdom of the highest degree.
3. The Disobedience of Iblees
“When We said to the angels, 'Prostrate yourselves to Adam' They prostrated, except for Iblis. He said 'What! Am I to prostrate to one who You have created out of clay?' He said, 'Do you see this creature you have honoured over me? If You reprieve me till the Day of Rising, I will be the master of his descendants except for a very few.” (Surah Al-Isra', V.61-62)
“He said, 'Iblis, what is it that prevents you from being among the prostrators?' He said, 'I will not prostrate to a human being whom You have created out of dried clay formed from fetid black mud.' He said, 'Get out from here, you are accursed. The curse will be on you till the Day of Reckoning.” (Surah Al-Hijr, 32-35)
“He said, 'What prevented you from prostrating when I commanded you to?' He replied, 'I am better than him. You created me from fire and You created him from clay.' He said, 'Descend from Heaven. It is not for you to be arrogant in it. So get out! You are one of the disgraced.”
(Surah Al-A'raf, 12-13)
From this verse, a few issues emerge.
· Iblees was the first among the creation of Allah Ta Aala to label a prophet as a mere human being. Hence, anyone who labels a Prophet of Allah Azza Wa Jal as a mere human is obeying a satanic practice.
· To establish our own opinion in opposition to Divine injunction is indeed the work of the devil.
· By Allah’s question, “what is it that prevents you from being among the prostrators?” We understand that it was not a question of inquiry as Allah Ta Aaala knows everything. This question was of reprimand and anger. When a father catches his son committing an action contrary to his upbringing, the father will repeatedly ask, “why have you done such a thing?” even though he had seen him commit the action in question. This is due to his anger and not inquiry.
· . Nabi Aadam (peace be upon him) was displayed and showcased as a Viceroy. To show his superiority, Allah Ta Aala ordered the prostration in his honor. This prostration was not a religious injunction because at that point in time there was no religious law of any prophet. The laws of shariah are for human beings and not for angels.
· The end result of pride , is Disgrace.
When discussing this event, many tend to focus on the fact that Iblees displayed pride upon him being created from fire, whilst Nabi Aadam alayhis salaam was created from clay. Due to this display of pride, he was banished and cursed. Another important factor here was satan’s quick logical analysis. People today are conditioned in universities, etc to base every argument on pure logic. The incident of satan’s disobedience clearly indicates the downfall one may experience if every premise is based on logic. Faith on the other hand is the belief in God which does not require any logical proof.
Insha Allah, in the next edition (Topics in the Qur’an Pt.7) of the story of Nabi Aadam alayhis salaam, we will discuss the verses which further explain this important historical event.
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
www.islamiclifestylesolutions.co.za
TOPICS IN THE QUR’AN-PART-5
THE PROPHETS OF ALLAH (peace be upon them all)
THE STORY OF the PROPHET ADAM (alayhis salaam)
1.Creation of Prophet Adam (alayhis salaam)
“The likeness of 'Isa in Allah's sight is the same as Adam. He created him from earth and then He said to him, "Be!" and he was.”
(Surah Aal 'Imran, V.59)
This verse clearly explains the manner in which Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam) was created. The verse also acts as a rebuttal against those who claim that Jesus (peace be upon him) was God, and / or the son of god. Here, Allah azza wa jal likens Nabi Isa (alayhi salaam) to Nabi Aaadam (alayhis salaam) The similarity which is described in this verse is with reference to the creation of both these Prophets of Allah ta aala as they were created uniquely. Whilst Nabi Isa (alayhis salaam) was created without the agency of a father, Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam) was created without the medium of both parents.
Allah the Almighty has created certain laws on this Earth which are accepted even by scientists. Among these laws, is the law of human re-production, i.e the biological process by which new individual organisms are produced from their parents. However, the above verse clearly explains that Allah azza wa jal has uniquely created a chosen few without human intervention. The verse clearly shows the power of Allah ta aala and is a reminder to all those who doubt his quality as ‘Khaaliq’ or “Creator” (of everything.) It is also an answer to those who have questioned the origin of man.
It is important to know that there have been other creations of Allah ta aala who have not been created by means of re-production.
1. Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam), as per the above Qur’anic reference.
2. Eve / Hawa who was created from the rib of Aadam (peace be upon them both)
3. Nabi Isa (Alayhis salaam) born without the agency of a father.
4. The birdlike creature which Isa (alayhis salaam) created from clay by blowing into it in evidence of his Prophethood.
5. The angels of Allah ta aala who are created from “Noor” (light).
Prophet Adam (alayhis salaam) is taught the Names of all Things
“When your Lord said to the angels, 'I am putting a viceroy on the earth,' they said, 'Why put on it one who will cause corruption on it and shed blood when we glorify You with praise and proclaim Your purity?' He said, 'I know what you do not know.' He taught Adam the names of all things. Then He arrayed them before the angels and said, 'Tell me the names of these if you are telling the truth.” (Surah Al-Baqara, V.30-31)
This verse is testimony to many things. The status of mankind is certified with the usage of the word “Khalifah” or Viceroy, who in this case is Nabi Aadam (alayhi salaam). To be hailed with such a distinction by the Creator of the Heavens and the Earth is undoubtedly a display of the stature of mankind. Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam) was taught the names of everything. The word everything here encompasses any and all things created by Allah ta aala. if Aadam (alayhis salaam) knew the names of everything, then surely his Imaam on the Night of Isra (Rasoolullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) knew the names of everything as well. One of the conditions of being an Imaam is that the candidate must be the most learned to lead the congregation. The ilm of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was evident on the Night of Me’raj as He was made Imaamol Morsaleen , the Imaam of the Messengers (peace be upon them all). When the query of the angels was brought forward, Allah azza wa jal could have highlighted many of the differences between mankind and angels. Out of everything, He chose to use knowledge as the distinguishing factor to prove the superiority of man. Only when Aadam (alayhis salaam) displayed his ilm, did the angels reply by saying,
“Exalted are You! We have no knowledge except what you have taught us. Indeed You alone Are The All-Knowing, the Wise,”
(Surah Al-Baqarah, V.32)
From these two verses, we also realize the manner in which Allah ta aala conversed with his angels. Whilst mankind is restricted to communicate with Allah in three ways, as per the verse in Surah Ash-Shoora, V.51. The angels can hear the words of the Creator, and have the ability to respond.
In conclusion, the creation and story of Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam) is without a doubt unique. However , the reason these events have been mentioned in the Qur’an is so that mankind can review them and learn from them.
Insha Allah, in the next edition of the “ Topics in the Qur’an” we will discuss, the obedience of the angels, and the disobedience of Iblees which is still part of the discussion on the story of Aadam (alayhis salaam)
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
“The likeness of 'Isa in Allah's sight is the same as Adam. He created him from earth and then He said to him, "Be!" and he was.”
(Surah Aal 'Imran, V.59)
This verse clearly explains the manner in which Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam) was created. The verse also acts as a rebuttal against those who claim that Jesus (peace be upon him) was God, and / or the son of god. Here, Allah azza wa jal likens Nabi Isa (alayhi salaam) to Nabi Aaadam (alayhis salaam) The similarity which is described in this verse is with reference to the creation of both these Prophets of Allah ta aala as they were created uniquely. Whilst Nabi Isa (alayhis salaam) was created without the agency of a father, Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam) was created without the medium of both parents.
Allah the Almighty has created certain laws on this Earth which are accepted even by scientists. Among these laws, is the law of human re-production, i.e the biological process by which new individual organisms are produced from their parents. However, the above verse clearly explains that Allah azza wa jal has uniquely created a chosen few without human intervention. The verse clearly shows the power of Allah ta aala and is a reminder to all those who doubt his quality as ‘Khaaliq’ or “Creator” (of everything.) It is also an answer to those who have questioned the origin of man.
It is important to know that there have been other creations of Allah ta aala who have not been created by means of re-production.
1. Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam), as per the above Qur’anic reference.
2. Eve / Hawa who was created from the rib of Aadam (peace be upon them both)
3. Nabi Isa (Alayhis salaam) born without the agency of a father.
4. The birdlike creature which Isa (alayhis salaam) created from clay by blowing into it in evidence of his Prophethood.
5. The angels of Allah ta aala who are created from “Noor” (light).
Prophet Adam (alayhis salaam) is taught the Names of all Things
“When your Lord said to the angels, 'I am putting a viceroy on the earth,' they said, 'Why put on it one who will cause corruption on it and shed blood when we glorify You with praise and proclaim Your purity?' He said, 'I know what you do not know.' He taught Adam the names of all things. Then He arrayed them before the angels and said, 'Tell me the names of these if you are telling the truth.” (Surah Al-Baqara, V.30-31)
This verse is testimony to many things. The status of mankind is certified with the usage of the word “Khalifah” or Viceroy, who in this case is Nabi Aadam (alayhi salaam). To be hailed with such a distinction by the Creator of the Heavens and the Earth is undoubtedly a display of the stature of mankind. Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam) was taught the names of everything. The word everything here encompasses any and all things created by Allah ta aala. if Aadam (alayhis salaam) knew the names of everything, then surely his Imaam on the Night of Isra (Rasoolullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) knew the names of everything as well. One of the conditions of being an Imaam is that the candidate must be the most learned to lead the congregation. The ilm of Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was evident on the Night of Me’raj as He was made Imaamol Morsaleen , the Imaam of the Messengers (peace be upon them all). When the query of the angels was brought forward, Allah azza wa jal could have highlighted many of the differences between mankind and angels. Out of everything, He chose to use knowledge as the distinguishing factor to prove the superiority of man. Only when Aadam (alayhis salaam) displayed his ilm, did the angels reply by saying,
“Exalted are You! We have no knowledge except what you have taught us. Indeed You alone Are The All-Knowing, the Wise,”
(Surah Al-Baqarah, V.32)
From these two verses, we also realize the manner in which Allah ta aala conversed with his angels. Whilst mankind is restricted to communicate with Allah in three ways, as per the verse in Surah Ash-Shoora, V.51. The angels can hear the words of the Creator, and have the ability to respond.
In conclusion, the creation and story of Nabi Aadam (alayhis salaam) is without a doubt unique. However , the reason these events have been mentioned in the Qur’an is so that mankind can review them and learn from them.
Insha Allah, in the next edition of the “ Topics in the Qur’an” we will discuss, the obedience of the angels, and the disobedience of Iblees which is still part of the discussion on the story of Aadam (alayhis salaam)
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
TOPICS IN THE QUR’AN-PART-4
DISOBEDIENCE THE THE PROPHETS AND ITS PENALTY
As promised in Part 3 of the Topics in the Qur’an, in this edition we will look at the verses which explain the penalty for being disobedient to the Messengers of Allah ta aala (peace be upon them all)
It is mentioned in the Holy Qur’an :
“Those who reject Allah and His Messengers and desire to cause division between Allah and His Messengers, saying, "We believe in some and reject the others," wanting to take a pathway in between, such people are the true disbelievers. We have prepared a humiliating punishment for the disbelievers.” (Surah An-Nisa',V. 150-151)
“Those who oppose Allah and His Messenger will be subdued and overcome as those before them were also subdued and overcome. We have sent down Clear Signs. The disbelievers will have a humiliating punishment.” (Surah Al-Mujadala, V.5)
“How many cities spurned their Lord's command and His Messengers! And so We called them harshly to account and punished them with a terrible punishment.” (Surah At-Talaq, V.8)
These verses clearly explain that there isn’t a middle path one may adopt with regards to the relationship between the Almighty and his chosen Prophets (peace be upon them). The kalimah which gains one entry into the religion of Islam is testimony to this. The first part reads, “Laa ilaaha ilallah (there is none worthy of worship besides Allah), whilst the second part reads, “Muhammadur Rasoolullah (Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah). Once brought together we find that Allah the All Wise does not place a single letter between him and his Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him). It is a clear warning to those who try to create division between Allah ta aala and his Beloved Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). This also is an indication to those jews who accept Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) yet reject Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him). The Christians as well, who accept Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him) yet reject our Noble Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The rejection of a single verse of the qur’an amounts to rejecting the entire Qur’an. Similarly, rejecting one Prophet of Allah azza wa jal counts as a total rejection to all the others. This is due to the fact that all the Prophets of Allah ta aala brought the same message. Allah ta aala makes it very clear that for such people, he has reserved a severe punishment
In another verse of the Glorious Qur’an, it is mentioned :
“As for those who disobey Allah and His Messenger and transgress His limits, We will admit them into a Fire, remaining in it timelessly, forever. They will have a humiliating punishment.” (Surah An-Nisa', V.14)
The severity of punishment for disobeying Allah ta aala and his Prophets can be seen in this verse as The Almighty describes the punishment and makes mention of the time frame, which in this case, is eternity. Turn to the pages of history in search of the people who chose to reject the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him), and names such as Abu Lahab and Abu Jahl come into mind. When we think of those who loved Him, names such as Abu Bakr As-Siddique, Omar Al-Faarooq, Uthmaan Zhon Noorain, and Moula Ali (may Allah be pleased with them all) come to mind. Abu Lahab and Abu Jahl will always be rememebered for their disrespect of the Noble Messenger (peace be upon him), whilst the Khulafaa-e-Raashideen will always be remembered for their undying love, and unquestionable loyalty towards the Messenger (peace be upon him). Alhamdu lillah, we have been bestowed with this great gift of Imaan (faith). Let us not waste this precious gift by cutting our ties with the one who is the Beloved of Allah ta aala.
In light of the above verses, let us reflect upon our lives. Are we muslims who have just recited the Kalimah and have turned our backs on everything else related to the affairs of the deen? Or are we muslims who have abided by the laws of the Quran and followed upon the Sunnah of our Master Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)???? Only you have the answer to this question.
May Allah azza wa jal place us all upon the guided path laid forth by Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)
Insha Allah, in Part 5 of the “Topics in the Qur’an’, we will discuss “The Story of Aadam (alayhis salaam)”
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
It is mentioned in the Holy Qur’an :
“Those who reject Allah and His Messengers and desire to cause division between Allah and His Messengers, saying, "We believe in some and reject the others," wanting to take a pathway in between, such people are the true disbelievers. We have prepared a humiliating punishment for the disbelievers.” (Surah An-Nisa',V. 150-151)
“Those who oppose Allah and His Messenger will be subdued and overcome as those before them were also subdued and overcome. We have sent down Clear Signs. The disbelievers will have a humiliating punishment.” (Surah Al-Mujadala, V.5)
“How many cities spurned their Lord's command and His Messengers! And so We called them harshly to account and punished them with a terrible punishment.” (Surah At-Talaq, V.8)
These verses clearly explain that there isn’t a middle path one may adopt with regards to the relationship between the Almighty and his chosen Prophets (peace be upon them). The kalimah which gains one entry into the religion of Islam is testimony to this. The first part reads, “Laa ilaaha ilallah (there is none worthy of worship besides Allah), whilst the second part reads, “Muhammadur Rasoolullah (Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah). Once brought together we find that Allah the All Wise does not place a single letter between him and his Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him). It is a clear warning to those who try to create division between Allah ta aala and his Beloved Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). This also is an indication to those jews who accept Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) yet reject Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him). The Christians as well, who accept Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him) yet reject our Noble Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The rejection of a single verse of the qur’an amounts to rejecting the entire Qur’an. Similarly, rejecting one Prophet of Allah azza wa jal counts as a total rejection to all the others. This is due to the fact that all the Prophets of Allah ta aala brought the same message. Allah ta aala makes it very clear that for such people, he has reserved a severe punishment
In another verse of the Glorious Qur’an, it is mentioned :
“As for those who disobey Allah and His Messenger and transgress His limits, We will admit them into a Fire, remaining in it timelessly, forever. They will have a humiliating punishment.” (Surah An-Nisa', V.14)
The severity of punishment for disobeying Allah ta aala and his Prophets can be seen in this verse as The Almighty describes the punishment and makes mention of the time frame, which in this case, is eternity. Turn to the pages of history in search of the people who chose to reject the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him), and names such as Abu Lahab and Abu Jahl come into mind. When we think of those who loved Him, names such as Abu Bakr As-Siddique, Omar Al-Faarooq, Uthmaan Zhon Noorain, and Moula Ali (may Allah be pleased with them all) come to mind. Abu Lahab and Abu Jahl will always be rememebered for their disrespect of the Noble Messenger (peace be upon him), whilst the Khulafaa-e-Raashideen will always be remembered for their undying love, and unquestionable loyalty towards the Messenger (peace be upon him). Alhamdu lillah, we have been bestowed with this great gift of Imaan (faith). Let us not waste this precious gift by cutting our ties with the one who is the Beloved of Allah ta aala.
In light of the above verses, let us reflect upon our lives. Are we muslims who have just recited the Kalimah and have turned our backs on everything else related to the affairs of the deen? Or are we muslims who have abided by the laws of the Quran and followed upon the Sunnah of our Master Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)???? Only you have the answer to this question.
May Allah azza wa jal place us all upon the guided path laid forth by Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)
Insha Allah, in Part 5 of the “Topics in the Qur’an’, we will discuss “The Story of Aadam (alayhis salaam)”
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
The Age of Maturity
Several Ibaadaat and rules are conditional on the maturity of the doer; hence it is incumbent on Muslims to know exactly when an individual is regarded as Baaligh (mature) in the eyes of Shariah. Certain criteria determining the maturity of a person have been set by Islamic law and a Muslim has only to apply them to ascertain if one is Baaligh. The criteria for boys and girls vary due to their different nature.
Criteria for Boys
A boy is regarded as Baaligh if any of the following occurs-
1. Ihtilaam- Nocturnal emission, familiarly known as wet dream
2. Ihbaal- Sexual intercourse causing pregnancy
3. Inzaal- Ejaculation of sperm
Inzaal is the principal condition by which the other factors occur.
The minimum age from which a boy can experience maturity is twelve.
If a boy doesn’t experience any of the above at the end of fifteen years in age, he is regarded as Baaligh as soon as he enters the age of sixteen.
Criteria for Girls
A girl will be regarded as Baaligha if any of the following occurs-
1. Ihtilaam
2. Haiz- Menstruation
3. Habl- Pregnancy
Haiz is the chief condition by which the other factors occur.
The minimum age from which a girl can experience maturity is nine.
If a girl doesn’t experience any of the above at the end of fifteen years in age, she is regarded as Baaligha as soon as she enters the age of sixteen. (Raddul Muhtaar, Vol. 6, pg. 153)
The above rulings are as per the Hanafi school of thought.
Mufti Omar Dawood
Darul Ifta
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
Criteria for Boys
A boy is regarded as Baaligh if any of the following occurs-
1. Ihtilaam- Nocturnal emission, familiarly known as wet dream
2. Ihbaal- Sexual intercourse causing pregnancy
3. Inzaal- Ejaculation of sperm
Inzaal is the principal condition by which the other factors occur.
The minimum age from which a boy can experience maturity is twelve.
If a boy doesn’t experience any of the above at the end of fifteen years in age, he is regarded as Baaligh as soon as he enters the age of sixteen.
Criteria for Girls
A girl will be regarded as Baaligha if any of the following occurs-
1. Ihtilaam
2. Haiz- Menstruation
3. Habl- Pregnancy
Haiz is the chief condition by which the other factors occur.
The minimum age from which a girl can experience maturity is nine.
If a girl doesn’t experience any of the above at the end of fifteen years in age, she is regarded as Baaligha as soon as she enters the age of sixteen. (Raddul Muhtaar, Vol. 6, pg. 153)
The above rulings are as per the Hanafi school of thought.
Mufti Omar Dawood
Darul Ifta
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
TOPICS IN THE QUR’AN-PART-3
THE PURPOSE OF SENDING PROPHETS
The Holy Qur’an clearly states :
"We do not send the Messengers except to bring good news and to give warning. As for those who believe and put things right, they will feel no fear and will know no sorrow." (Surat al-An'am, 48)
"We sent you for the whole of mankind, bringing good news and giving warning. But most of mankind do not know it." (Surah Saba', 28)
Messengers bringing good news and giving warning, so that people will have no argument against Allah after the coming of the Messengers. Allah is Almighty, All-Wise. (Surat an-Nisa', 165)
After a careful analysis of the above verses, the purpose of sending prophets to this world is crystal clear. Their reason for being sent unto to mankind can be be summarized into the following reasons :
1. To bring to us the good news of reward for being obedient to Allah azza wa jal.
2. To warn us against satan , his deception, and the punishment lying in wait for those who disobey Allah Ta Aala.
3. To ensure that the message reaches all nations so that no excuse remains on the day of Qiyaamah when being questioned.
Every Prophet spread the message of the oneness of AllahTa Aala. Whilst they were the bearers of glad-tidings, many of us forget that they were warners as well. We seem to only remember the reward awaiting us on the other side and we have seemingly forgotten the consequences of our sins which we commit habitually. The Prophets (peace be upon them all) have warned us about the deception of the devil, the day of reckoning and the signs leading up to the final hour. It is incumbent upon all muslims to equip ourselves knowledge derived from the Book of Allah Ta Aala so that we may be safeguarded from the mischief and treachery of Satan.
OBEDIENCE TO THE PROPHET IS OBEDIENCE TO ALLAH
“Whoever obeys the Messenger has obeyed Allah. If anyone turns away, we did not send you to them as their keeper.” (Surat an-Nisa', 80)
The verse clear indicates that by adhering to the teachings of the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him), muslims are obeying Allah Ta Aala, as it is He who has sent his Beloved Prophet (peace be upon him) to the entire creation. The best way to become good obedient servants to Allah azza wa jal is to follow upon the teachings of the Beloved Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). As sincere muslims, we should look the Prophetic traditions for answers to the questions that are embedded in our hearts and minds. His example is unrivalled. Only when we act upon the Qur’an and Sunnah will we attain solace and solutions to the problems we face in our daily lives.
Insha Allah, in the next edition we will discuss “THE DISOBEDIENCE TO THE PROPHETS AND ITS PENALTY”
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
Weekly Ahaadeeth
1. Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “Verily mannerism is from Allah". He who Allah Ta Aala wishes to show favour is bestowed good mannerism and he who Allah Ta Aala wishes to show disfavour is given bad mannerism.” (Tabraani, Vol. 2, pg. 245) This Hadeeth means that a person’s Akhlaaq (mannerism), is directly a favour from Allah Ta Aala or a disfavour from Him.
2. The Holy Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has stated, “If I use a Mimbar (pulpit) it is because my father Ibrahim had also used one. If I use an Asaa (walking stick) it is because my father Ibrahim had also used one.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Vol. 3, pg. 451) The Sunnah of using a Mimbar or Asaa is not unique to Islam; it was the Sunnah of the Ambiya (alayhi salaam) even before the advent of Islam.
3. The Noble Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “I am a Nabi (Prophet), there is no lie in this; I am the son of Abdul Muttalib.” (Bukhari, Muslim etc.) This tradition proves that Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was proud of being the off-spring of Hazrat Abdul Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him). We too must respect his parents and grandparents.
4. Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “Safeguard yourselves from pride because it was vanity that made Iblees refuse to prostrate to Adam.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Vol. 3, pg. 620) Hazrat Makhdoom Ashraf Simnaani (may Allah be pleased with him) has beautifully stated, “The worst Ibaadat is that which creates pride within a person.” Ibaadat should humble us, not make us arrogant.
5. The Holy Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)has said, “My intercession on the day of Qayaamat is a reality, he who doesn’t have Imaan on it will not be worthy of it.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Vol. 5, pg. 302) Always be aspirant of Rasoolullah’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)intercession as it is the reason of great success in the hereafter.
Mufti Omar Dawood
Darul Ifta
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
2. The Holy Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has stated, “If I use a Mimbar (pulpit) it is because my father Ibrahim had also used one. If I use an Asaa (walking stick) it is because my father Ibrahim had also used one.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Vol. 3, pg. 451) The Sunnah of using a Mimbar or Asaa is not unique to Islam; it was the Sunnah of the Ambiya (alayhi salaam) even before the advent of Islam.
3. The Noble Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “I am a Nabi (Prophet), there is no lie in this; I am the son of Abdul Muttalib.” (Bukhari, Muslim etc.) This tradition proves that Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was proud of being the off-spring of Hazrat Abdul Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him). We too must respect his parents and grandparents.
4. Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “Safeguard yourselves from pride because it was vanity that made Iblees refuse to prostrate to Adam.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Vol. 3, pg. 620) Hazrat Makhdoom Ashraf Simnaani (may Allah be pleased with him) has beautifully stated, “The worst Ibaadat is that which creates pride within a person.” Ibaadat should humble us, not make us arrogant.
5. The Holy Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)has said, “My intercession on the day of Qayaamat is a reality, he who doesn’t have Imaan on it will not be worthy of it.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Vol. 5, pg. 302) Always be aspirant of Rasoolullah’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)intercession as it is the reason of great success in the hereafter.
Mufti Omar Dawood
Darul Ifta
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
The Ark of the Covenant
Allah Ta Aala states in the Holy Quraan,
Surely the sign of his kingship is that there would come to you an ark in which there are remnants of the family of Moosa (Moses) and the family of Haroon (Aaron), carried by the angels. (Surah Baqarah, Verse 248)
The Taboot (ark) mentioned in this Ayah is also important in Judaic-Christian tradition and is spoken of in the Old Testament, in the book of Exodus, Chapter 25 Verse10-22. According to Islamic tradition sourced from works of Tafseer and Hadeeth, this ark or chest was made from wood of the box- tree, covered by a gold cloth and it was three hands long and two hands broad. Allah Ta Aala descended the Taboot in the care of Hazrat Adam (alayhis salaam) and it had within it the natural pictures of the Ambiya (alayhimus salaam) and their homes. A natural picture of our Holy Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and his blessed home captured in a red ruby was also in the Taboot. The picture depicted Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) in the position of Qiyaam with the Sahaaba (radhiyallahu anhum) around him. Passed down from Nabi to Nabi, the Taboot came in the custody of Hazrat Moosa (alayhis salaam). Besides the pictures of the Ambiya, the following sacred relics were also kept in the Taboot-
· Pieces of the Torah
· Hazrat Moosa’s Asaa (walking stick)
· Hazrat Moosa’s clothes
· Hazrat Moosa’s blessed sandals
· Hazrat Haroon’s turban
· Hazrat Haroon’s Asaa (peace and blessings upon them all)
· A small quantity of Munn (heavenly food descended for the Bani Israeel)
In battles during Hazrat Moosa’s (alayhis salaam) time, the Taboot was carried in front of the army and the Bani Israeel would attain victory through its blessings. (Tafseer Kabeer by Imaam Fakhrudeen Raazi t, Vol. 2, pg. 162; Tafseer Naeemi, Vol. 2, pg. 508; Tafseer Khazaainul Irfaan)
There are two narrations regarding what happened to the Taboot after the demise of Hazrat Moosa (alayhis salaam)
1. The Taboot was handed down to the Bani Israeel. When they became disobedient and sinful (due to their inherent quality of insubordination even to the Ambiya u), Allah Ta Aala gave the Amaalaqah tribe dominance over them and they seized the Taboot.
2. Allah T Aala raised the Taboot to the heavens due to displeasure with the deeds of the Israelites. (Tafseer Kabeer)
Bear in mind that the Taboot spoken of in this Ayah is the same Taboot Hazrat Moosa (alayhis salaam) took care of. The incident mentioned in this verse occurred well after his demise. Now the incident the Ayah gestures to: Hazrat Shumail (alayhis salaam) was the Nabi of the Bani Israeel at the time and he said to them that Taloot will be their king. When asked what the proof of his kingship was, he said to them that Taloot will have the Taboot with him. Again there are two narrations of how the Taboot came to Taloot-
1. The Amaalaqah tribe began disrespecting the Taboot by placing it in places where they used to urinate and relieve themselves. Hazrat Shumail (alayhis salaam) supplicated for Allah Ta Aala to punish them and they were chastised. The Amaalaqah tribe understood that the reason for their punishment is their disrespect of the Taboot. They then placed the Taboot on two oxen and they were left to go free. Allah Ta Aala appointed four angels to guard and guide the oxen on their path. When the oxen carrying the Taboot came and stopped at the home of Taloot, the Bani Israeel accepted that he was their king as per the declaration of Hazrat Shumail (alayhis salaam).
2. The Taboot descended from the heavens to the earth whilst angels guarded it. Its descent to the home of Taloot was witnessed by the Bani Israeel and they then accepted him as their king. This is the opinion of Hazrat Abdullah Ibn Abbas (radhiyallahu anhu).
What happened to the Taboot thereafter? This was also the subject of a major motion Hollywood film titled, “Indiana Jones: Raiders of the Lost Ark”. We as Muslims however have Imaan that Allah Ta Aala and His Rasool (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) know best what happened to it. Believing Judaic-Christian theories about what happened to the Taboot-e-Sakina is not the conduct of believers.
Mufti Omar Dawood
Darul Ifta
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
TOPICS IN THE QUR’AN-PART 2
· Prophets of Allah Ta Aala mentioned by name in the Qur’an.
Approximately 124,000 Prophets were sent by Allah Ta Aala to guide mankind to His remembrance. The Holy Qur’an makes mention of 25. I have placed a table with their names according to the Qur’an as well as the names they are known by throughout the other major religions of the world today.
1. Aadam- Adam
2. Al-Yas'a – Elisha
3. Ayyub – Job
4. Da'ud – David
5. Dhul-Kifl - Dhul Kif
6. Harun – Aaron
7. Hud – Hud
8. Ibrahim – Abraham
9. Idris – Enoch
10. Iliyas – Elias
11. Iesa – Jesus
12. Ishaque – Isaac
13. Isma'il – Ishmael
14. Lout – Lut
15. Musa – Moses
16. Nuh – Noah
17. Saleh – Saleh
18. Shu'aib – Shuaib
19. Sulaiman – Solomon
20. Uzair – Ezra
21. Ya'qub – Jacob
22. Yahya – John
23. Yunus – Jonah
24. Yusuf – Joseph
25. Muhammad - Mohammed or Ahmed
Peace and blessings be upon them all.
· Lessons derived from their Stories
There are many stories mentioned in the Qur’an about the lives, trials, and tribulations that the Messengers of Allah Azza Wa Jal were put through. These incidents have been placed before us in order to derive the important lessons from them so that we may better our lifestyles as muslims by following the their unrivalled examples. The Qur’an itself confirms this :
There is instruction in their stories for people of intelligence. This is not a narration which has been invented but confirmation of all that came before, a clarification of everything, a guidance ,and a mercy for people who believe. (Surah Yusuf, V.111)
In this verse Allah Ta Aala hints that those who possess an understanding of the deen and its intricate dialogue will ponder upon these stories. This pondering will lead them towards their guidance and eventually to the mercy of Allah the Almighty.
There is no better example or standard bearer than the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Allah Ta Aala explains this as well :
You have an excellent model in the Messenger of Allah, for all who put their hope in Allah and the Last Day and remember Allah much. (Surah Al-Ahzab, V.21)
There is no doubt that the Beloved Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has set the best example. This fact is not only acknowledged by muslims. Many non-muslim scholars have rightfully credited the Noble Master (peace be upon him) to be most influential person in history. For the benefit of all readers, I have placed the reasons why Biographer Michael H.Hart placed the Beloved Prophet (peace be upon him) as number one in his book “The 100 : A Countdown of the 100 most influential People”
Excerpt from Hart's book:
“My choice of Muhammad to lead the list of the world's most influential persons may surprise some readers and may be questioned by others, but he was the only man in history who was supremely successful on both the religious and secular levels...
Muhammad founded and promulgated one of the world's great religions, and became an immensely effective political leader. Today, thirteen centuries after his death, his influence is still powerful and pervasive... Like all religions, Islam exerts an enormous influence upon the lives of its followers. It is for this reason that the founders of the world's great religions all figure prominently in this book. Since there are roughly twice as many Christians as Moslems in the world, it may initially seem strange that Muhammad has been ranked higher than Jesus. There are two principal reasons for that decision. First, Muhammad played a far more important role in the development of Islam than Jesus did in the development of Christianity. Although Jesus was responsible for the main ethical and moral precepts of Christianity (insofar as these differed from Judaism), St. Paul was the main developer of Christian theology, its principal proselytizer, and the author of a large portion of the New Testament.
Muhammad, however, was responsible for both the theology of Islam and its main ethical and moral principles. In addition, he played the key role in proselytizing the new faith, and in establishing the religious practices of Islam. Moreover, he is the author of the Moslem holy scriptures, the Koran, a collection of certain of Muhammad's insights that he believed had been directly revealed to him by Allah. Most of these utterances were copied more or less faithfully during Muhammad's lifetime and were collected together in authoritative form not long after his death. The Koran therefore, closely represents Muhammad's ideas and teachings and to a considerable extent his exact words. No such detailed compilation of the teachings of Christ has survived. Since the Koran is at least as important to Moslems as the Bible is to Christians, the influence of Muhammed through the medium of the Koran has been enormous It is probable that the relative influence of Muhammad on Islam has been larger than the combined influence of Jesus Christ and St. Paul on Christianity. On the purely religious level, then, it seems likely that Muhammad has been as influential in human history as Jesus.
Furthermore, Muhammad (unlike Jesus) was a secular as well as a religious leader. In fact, as the driving force behind the Arab conquests, he may well rank as the most influential political leader of all time... the Arab conquests of the seventh century have continued to play an important role in human history, down to the present day. It is this unparalleled combination of secular and religious influence which I feel entitles Muhammad to be considered the most influential single figure in human history”.
From this excerpt we can see how influential the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him) was. This was through his beautiful example in his every action.
Conclusion : from the stories of the prophets of Allah, muslims are urged to learn from their examples in order for us to gain the closeness and pleasure of our Supreme Creator.
Insha Allah, in Part-3 we will discuss the reasons of sending Prophets and the obedience required to them.
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
WEEKLY AHAADEETH
1. The Holy Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has stated, “For every gesture in Salaah there is reward of ten good deeds.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Vol. 6, pg. 73) The word gesture in this Hadeeth refers to when one lifts the Shahaadah (index) finger at the time of saying Laa Ilaaha Ilallaahu in Tashahud.
2. It is reported that when the Noble Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) attended any Janaazah, he would remain silent as much as possible and admonish himself a lot. (Tabqaat Ibn Sa’ad, Vol. 1, pg. 385) The time of Janaazah is for us to reflect about our lives and the ultimate reality of the hereafter. It is not an occasion for us to gather in groups and chat about worldly affairs and business.
3. Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) used to remove his ring when intending to answer the call of nature. (Abu Dawood, Ibn Majah, Tirmizi, Nasaai) Muhammad Rasoolullah was inscribed on the ring. This Hadeeth is the basis for removing something which has a revered inscription on it e.g. a ring that has the name of Allah Ta Aala engraved on it, at the time of answering the call of nature.
4. The Holy Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “Allah T Aala shall defer the return of sins of what He wishes until Qayaamat except disobedience to parents. Verily Allah Ta Aala shall hasten the compensation of one who disobeys his parents in his worldly life before his death.” (Haakim, Vol. 4, pg. 172) Disobedience of parents is a major transgression in Allah’s Ta Aala sight. It is so heinous that the reprimand of other sins is delayed by Allah’s Ta Aala mercy but not this sin.
5. Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “Silk is the clothing of one who has no share (in the hereafter).” (Bukhari) This Hadeeth refers to the males of this Ummah. Silk clothing is Haraam (prohibited) on males but is permissible for females.
Mufti Omar Dawood
Darul Ifta
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
TOPICS IN THE QUR’AN – WEEKLY DISCUSSION- Part 1
The Holy Qur’an is undoubtedly the Word of Allah Ta Aala. Its authenticity has been analyzed throughout history by scholars of great repute, and from all religions. However, the conclusion has always been the same. It is as authentic as the very air we inhale an exhale. Be it from a historical perspective, or from the sheer content matter which has been profoundly discussed, the more it is analyzed, the more evident it becomes that it can only be the word of the Supreme Creator, Allah the Almighty.
“That Sublime Book (Qur’an) in which there is no doubt, in it is guidance for the God-fearing” (Surah Al-Baqarah, V.2)
Allah azza wa jal had given his Prophets (peace be upon them all) miracles according to the understanding of the people during their eras. Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) lived in a society where magic was quite prevalent. Therefore he was given miracles which seemed magical by vision, but were in fact miracles bestowed upon him by Allah ta aala. Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him) lived in a time where people relied heavily on medicine. Hence His ability to cure the blind and the lepers was welcomed by the people who came in great numbers to cure themselves at his blessed hands. Since the Arabs were quite proud of their eloquence in speech, the Qur’an was revealed as a literary miracle in the Arabic language as well. To prove its authenticity Allah ta aala has openly invited the doubters of the Qur’an towards a challenge that has indeed stood the test of time :
“And if you have any doubt as to what we have sent down upon our servant, then bring just one chapter like it, and call upon all your helpers besides Allah, if you are truthful”. “but if you fail to do so, and surely you are bound to fail, then guard yourselves against the fire whose fuel are men and stones, which has been prepared for the infidels”.
(Surah Al-Baqarah, V. 23-24)
It has been well over 1400 years yet the enemies of Islam have not been able to meet this challenge. This is due to the fact that the Qur’an is of divine creation and not by human invention. How else does one explain its accurate predictions and prophecies? Or the many scientific discoveries mentioned over 1400 years ago without the use of any apparatus? Below are a few examples :
· The coming of the universe into existence.
· The expansion of the universe
· The splitting asunder of the Heavens and the Earth
· Orbits
· The functions of mountains
· The relativity of time
· The proportion of rain
· The formation of rain
· The fecundating winds
· The identity in the fingerprint (scroll down to view full article below.)
These are just a few that have been discovered. I am certain that as man progresses deeper into all these sciences, many more discoveries will have to be attributed to the Qur’an.
Insha Allah, ILS aims to educate the Ummah on the topics discussed in the Holy Qur’an so as to broaden our spectrum of understanding this Glorious Book which has changed the lives of billions of people in the past, and will continue to bring positive change in the future. Each week I will briefly discuss various topics from the quran with references to the verses which discuss these topics
Topics to be discussed in next weeks edition insha Allah :
· STORIES OF THE PROPHETS IN THE QUR'AN
· A MESSENGER HAS BEEN SENT TO EVERY COMMUNITY
· EVERY COMMUNITY HAS BEEN SENT A MESSENGER
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
Weekly Ahaadeeth by Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
1. The Holy Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “Supplication made in concealment equals seventy supplications made in public.” (Mussanaf Abdur Razzaq, Hadeeth no. 19645) Dua (supplication) made in concealment equals seventy supplications made in public because it is close to sincerity and distant from Riya (show).
2. Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has stated, “Hayaa (modesty) and Imaan (faith) have unison. If either is lost, the other follows.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Hadeeth no. 3867) If a person loses Imaan, Hayaa is sure to follow and if Hayaa is misplaced, Imaan is destroyed.
3. The Noble Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is reported to have said, “Give the labourer his due before his sweat dries.” (Ibn Majah, Hadeeth no. 2443) This Hadeeth teaches Muslim employers to be mindful of the rights of their workers before anything else.
4. Nabi Muhammed Mustapha (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “There is nothing wrong with Ruqaa (amulets) as long as there is no Shirk (polytheism) in it.” (Abu Dawood, Hadeeth no. 3886) Allama Ibn Hajar Makki (may Allah be pleased with him) states that there is consensus on permissibility regarding the usage of Ruqaa (popularly known as Ta’weez) based on three conditions: Ruqaa must be comprised of Allah’s (Ta Aala) Kalaam (speech), names or qualities; a language which is understandable must be used in the Ruqaa and belief when using it should be that the Ruqaa itself is not effective without the will of Allah Y.
5. Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “The strongest amongst you is he who controls himself at the time of anger and the most understanding of you is he who forgives even after having power.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Hadeeth no. 1062) This Hadeeth teaches us that strength is based not only on physical ability but patience and self-control as well. It is tolerance that teaches us humanity and discipline.
Mufti Omar Dawood
Darul Ifta
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
1. The Holy Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “Supplication made in concealment equals seventy supplications made in public.” (Mussanaf Abdur Razzaq, Hadeeth no. 19645) Dua (supplication) made in concealment equals seventy supplications made in public because it is close to sincerity and distant from Riya (show).
2. Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has stated, “Hayaa (modesty) and Imaan (faith) have unison. If either is lost, the other follows.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Hadeeth no. 3867) If a person loses Imaan, Hayaa is sure to follow and if Hayaa is misplaced, Imaan is destroyed.
3. The Noble Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is reported to have said, “Give the labourer his due before his sweat dries.” (Ibn Majah, Hadeeth no. 2443) This Hadeeth teaches Muslim employers to be mindful of the rights of their workers before anything else.
4. Nabi Muhammed Mustapha (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “There is nothing wrong with Ruqaa (amulets) as long as there is no Shirk (polytheism) in it.” (Abu Dawood, Hadeeth no. 3886) Allama Ibn Hajar Makki (may Allah be pleased with him) states that there is consensus on permissibility regarding the usage of Ruqaa (popularly known as Ta’weez) based on three conditions: Ruqaa must be comprised of Allah’s (Ta Aala) Kalaam (speech), names or qualities; a language which is understandable must be used in the Ruqaa and belief when using it should be that the Ruqaa itself is not effective without the will of Allah Y.
5. Rasoolullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has said, “The strongest amongst you is he who controls himself at the time of anger and the most understanding of you is he who forgives even after having power.” (Jaamius Sagheer, Hadeeth no. 1062) This Hadeeth teaches us that strength is based not only on physical ability but patience and self-control as well. It is tolerance that teaches us humanity and discipline.
Mufti Omar Dawood
Darul Ifta
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
ARTICLE : Sayyiduna Shaykh Abdul Qaadir Al-Jilani (radiyallahu anhu)
Mazaar of the illustrious Shaykh
The King of the Auliya
The suns of others shone and set but my sun will continually be bright on the horizon of greatness and it will never set- Sayyiduna Ghouse Azam Abdul Qaadir Jilani (radiyallahu anhu)
Born on the first of Ramadaan 470 A.H. in Geelan a city located in Iran, Hazrat Sheikh Sayed Abdul Qaadir Jilaani (radiyallahu anhu) was a Hasani Sayed from the genealogy of his father whilst his mother’s lineage is linked to the Hussaini Saadaat. Hazrat Abu Saleh Moosa Jangidost (radiyallahu anhu) , the father of Hazrat Ghouse Aazam (radiyallahu anhu) , passed away while he was a young boy and he left behind a total estate of 80 Dinaars for his children. (Nafhaatul Uns, pg.587)
When Hazrat Ghouse Aazam (radiyallahu anhu) travelled to Baghdaad to acquire Deeni knowledge at the age of 18, his mother gave him his share of 40 Dinaars and she kept the remainder for his brother. These were the same forty Dinaars he wished to hand over to the robbers when they asked him the assets he possessed. He did this merely because of a promise he had made to his mother to not speak lies. Indeed it was Hazrat Ghouse Aazam’s (radiyallahu anhu) truthfulness which reformed these robbers who immediately made Tauba and they eventually became Abdaals (a category of Auliya) of their time.
In Baghdaad Shareef, Hazrat Ghouse Aazam (radiyallahu anhu) met several distinguished and eminent Auliya of that era. It was here that he pledged spiritual allegiance on the hands of Qaadhi Abu Saeed Mubaarak bin Ali Makhrami Hambali (radiyallahu anhu) . Bear in mind that Qaadhi Abu Saeed Makhrami (radiyallahu anhu) is not known as a Sayed but this did not stop Hazrat Ghouse Aazam (radiyallahu anhu) from becoming his spiritual disciple. All Auliya whether they be Saadaat or not are worthy of our veneration.
Hazrat Shaikh Abdul Qaadir Jilaani (radiyallahu anhu) attained such Divine proximity that Allah Ta Aala commanded him to say, “My foot is on the neck of all the Auliya of Allah.” This statement was attested to by all the Auliya of that time and will always be professed by the pious servants until Qayaamat. It has been stated by the great Ghous (helper) himself, “The sun does not set without greeting me. A year, month or day does not pass without first greeting me and informing me of what occurs in them.” (Qalaaidul Jawaahir, pg. 26)
Sarkaar Ghouse Aazam (radiyallahu anhu) is the Shaykh of humans, Jinns and even angels. His gatherings were visited by the Ambiya (alayhimus salam) and other pious servants of Allah Ta Aala.Thousands of people were blessed with sainthood through his blessings and they continue to do so even until now. In fact Hazrat Ghouse Aazam (radiyallahu anhu) himself has stated, “When you ask from Allah Ta Aala, ask through my means.” (ibid)
Verily we are blessed to possess love for this reviver of the Deen, the crown of the Aarifeen, (Gnostics) and the king of the Auliya- Hazrat Shaykh Sayed Abdul Qaadir Jilaani (radiyallahu anhu) popularly known as Huzoor Ghouse Paak. Islamic Lifestyle Solutions humbly supplicate through the blessed means of Huzoor Ghouse Paak (radiyallahu anhu) that the Muslim Ummah once again acquires the true spirit of Imaan which we have misplaced. Alhamdulillah this month of Rabbiul Aakhir will see many gatherings of Gyaarwi Shareef but always strive to also emulate the life of this great servant of Allah Ta Aala. Remember what Sarkaar Ghouse Aazam (radiyallahu anhu) said, “Every Wali follows the footsteps of a certain Nabi and I also tread the footsteps of my blessed grandfather (Rasoolullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)”. Learn from the life of Sarkaar Ghouse Aazam (radiyallahu anhu) of how to be beneficial not only to Muslims but humanity as well. May Allah Ta Aala enlighten our lives and Imaan with the radiance of Sarkaar Ghouse Aazam’s t blessings and spirituality, Aameen.
Sagge Dargaahe Meera sho Choo khaahi Qurbe Rabbani
Ke Bar Sheeraa sharaf Daarad sagge Dargaahe Jilaani
If you desire nearness with Allah Y become a loyal dog of Huzoor Ghous Paak’s t court
Because the dog of his court possess excellence over the lions of this world
(Hazrat Khwaja Bahaaudeen Zakariya Multani radiyallahu anhu)
Mufti Omar Dawood Qadri chishty
Darul Ifta.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
ARTICLE :
Scientific Miracles in the Qur’an
Discovery of The Fingerprint
All praise is due to Allah Ta aala, the Lord of the worlds. Peace and choicest salutations upon the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him)
The Holy Qur’an has undoubtedly stood the test of time and has proven its authenticity as the word of God. Aside from the many prophecies it has fulfilled, and the numerous lives it has changed positively with its clear-cut messages and commands to economic and social development, we now find that even scientists of great repute are attributing many scientific discoveries to the Qur’an. Rightfully so! This is due to the fact that the Qur’an has mentioned these things over 1400 years ago. As technology progresses and mankind delves deeper into science, they are everyday proving the Qur’an to be the word of Allah Ta aala.
In a time when the arabs were at the depths of darkness, the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him) brought them into the light. Even though his teachings appealed to most, many Arabs were finding it difficult to accept the concept of being resurrected to the after-life. The incident leading to a verse which has stunned many western thinkers is as follows :
Adi Bin Rabee’ah had once said to the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) “even if I were to witness the Day of Judgement, I will still not believe in it and not bring faith in you. How can it be possible for totally disintegrated bones to be brought back together?” in response to his claim, the following verse was revealed (Tafseer Roohul Ma’aani)
“Does the human being think that we shall not gather his bones?”
Yes indeed! We are able to put together in perfect order, the tips of his fingers” (Surah Qiyaamah Verses 3-4)
For many years, people have been trying to understand the fourth verse of this Surah…until now!
This verse only began to make sense when the fingerprint was discovered in the 19th century. Before this, people believed it to be natural curves on each finger. A fingerprint is formed just before birth and will remain for the life span of a person provided that no permanent scarring occurs.
This is what has been said by western scholars in regards to the fingerprint ,
“The validity of the technique to establish identity by means of fingerprints (AFS) has been confirmed by various police organisations over the last 25 years and is a legally approved method. No technology of identity verification in our time gives such effective results as fingerprints. Using fingerprints to establish identity has been used in legal processes for the last 100 years and possesses international acceptance”.
(“What is a Fingerprint?,www.ridgesandfurrows.homestead.com/fingerprint.html.)
In his book “Fingerprint Techniques” A.A. Moenssens analyses the way that each individual has a unique set of fingerprints:
“No two fingerprints from different digits have ever been found to match exactly”
(Andre A. Moenssens, “Is Fingerprint Identification a ‘Science’?,” (www.forensic-evidence.com/site/
ID/ID00004_2.html#ID1)
Praise be to Allah!!!
Allah Ta Aala was saying to all those who disbelieve in his ability to re-arrange the very tips of their fingers (fingerprints) that he will recreate everyone in the way he originally created them. This means that every person has been created with a unique fingerprint. Even identical twins have different fingerprints to one another. Allah Ta Aala is saying that he will recreate every individual up to the detail which can be found on the tips of each finger…the Fingerprint. If such a unique design can be re-assembled with ease, then surely the to re-arrange disintegrateed bones will be simple.
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
Discovery of The Fingerprint
All praise is due to Allah Ta aala, the Lord of the worlds. Peace and choicest salutations upon the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him)
The Holy Qur’an has undoubtedly stood the test of time and has proven its authenticity as the word of God. Aside from the many prophecies it has fulfilled, and the numerous lives it has changed positively with its clear-cut messages and commands to economic and social development, we now find that even scientists of great repute are attributing many scientific discoveries to the Qur’an. Rightfully so! This is due to the fact that the Qur’an has mentioned these things over 1400 years ago. As technology progresses and mankind delves deeper into science, they are everyday proving the Qur’an to be the word of Allah Ta aala.
In a time when the arabs were at the depths of darkness, the Beloved Messenger (peace be upon him) brought them into the light. Even though his teachings appealed to most, many Arabs were finding it difficult to accept the concept of being resurrected to the after-life. The incident leading to a verse which has stunned many western thinkers is as follows :
Adi Bin Rabee’ah had once said to the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) “even if I were to witness the Day of Judgement, I will still not believe in it and not bring faith in you. How can it be possible for totally disintegrated bones to be brought back together?” in response to his claim, the following verse was revealed (Tafseer Roohul Ma’aani)
“Does the human being think that we shall not gather his bones?”
Yes indeed! We are able to put together in perfect order, the tips of his fingers” (Surah Qiyaamah Verses 3-4)
For many years, people have been trying to understand the fourth verse of this Surah…until now!
This verse only began to make sense when the fingerprint was discovered in the 19th century. Before this, people believed it to be natural curves on each finger. A fingerprint is formed just before birth and will remain for the life span of a person provided that no permanent scarring occurs.
This is what has been said by western scholars in regards to the fingerprint ,
“The validity of the technique to establish identity by means of fingerprints (AFS) has been confirmed by various police organisations over the last 25 years and is a legally approved method. No technology of identity verification in our time gives such effective results as fingerprints. Using fingerprints to establish identity has been used in legal processes for the last 100 years and possesses international acceptance”.
(“What is a Fingerprint?,www.ridgesandfurrows.homestead.com/fingerprint.html.)
In his book “Fingerprint Techniques” A.A. Moenssens analyses the way that each individual has a unique set of fingerprints:
“No two fingerprints from different digits have ever been found to match exactly”
(Andre A. Moenssens, “Is Fingerprint Identification a ‘Science’?,” (www.forensic-evidence.com/site/
ID/ID00004_2.html#ID1)
Praise be to Allah!!!
Allah Ta Aala was saying to all those who disbelieve in his ability to re-arrange the very tips of their fingers (fingerprints) that he will recreate everyone in the way he originally created them. This means that every person has been created with a unique fingerprint. Even identical twins have different fingerprints to one another. Allah Ta Aala is saying that he will recreate every individual up to the detail which can be found on the tips of each finger…the Fingerprint. If such a unique design can be re-assembled with ease, then surely the to re-arrange disintegrateed bones will be simple.
Shaykh Faheem
Media Dept.
Islamic Lifestyle Solutions
Article :
Valentine's Day: History and Islamic Perspective
What is it and where did it come from?
Consider Valentine's Day, a day that after dying out a well deserved death in most of Europe (but surviving in Britain and United States) has suddenly started to emerge across a good swath of Muslim countries. Who was Valentine? Why is this day observed? Legends abound, as they do in all such cases, but this much is clear..click here for more
ARTICLE
THE EXCELLENCE OF ASHURA Extracted from Shaam-e-Karbala
by Allama Shafee Okarwi (may Allah be pleased with him)
Presented by : ISLAMIC LIFESTYLE SOLUTIONS..click here to read more
THE EXCELLENCE OF ASHURA Extracted from Shaam-e-Karbala
by Allama Shafee Okarwi (may Allah be pleased with him)
Presented by : ISLAMIC LIFESTYLE SOLUTIONS..click here to read more